Organisational Culture And Organizational Culture

Throughout this essay organisational culture will be examined, including the two approaches mainstream and critical. What managers can do to shape culture and also an example of when culture has in fact been changed. Organisational culture can be acknowledged as the organisations personality; which is also referred to as corporate culture. Organisational culture is defined as the process of how things are dealt with within an organisation on a daily basis, affecting the employees and how they work, how they are relating to each other, to the customers and also their managers. Deal and Kennedy defined organisational culture as ‘the way we do things around here’ and Hofstede said it is ‘how people behave when no one is watching’ and ‘the collective programming of the mind’ (Deal and Kennedy 1982, Hofstede 2001). There are two approaches to organisational culture mainstream and critical, both will be evaluated and explored throughout. Starting with mainstream, Smircich defines mainstream organisational culture as ‘something that an organisation has’ (1983). When looking at culture through this perspective it is understood to be - Variable meaning the capital or other assets that the business has such as information technology, culture meaning how the employees think and feel which is something that can be manipulated by managers. - Integrating and stabilizing, since the culture is something that is shared between the organisational members it is perceived a natural forceShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture And Organisational Culture1063 Words   |  5 PagesOrganisational Culture Organisational Culture is defined as what the employees perceive and how this perception creates a pattern of beliefs, values and, expectations. Organisational culture differs from organizational climate. Climate refers to more temporary attitudes, feelings and perceptions of individuals (Schneider, 1990). Culture on the other hand is an enduring, slow to change, core characteristic of organisations which is an implicit often indiscernible aspects of organisations, climateRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Organisational Culture1916 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent interpretations on what organizational culture is; it can be defined as †¦ This essay will be discussing and explaining organizational culture and change, furthermore how culture can have an influence on behaviour at work. In addition there will be an discussion on the organizational culture of two UK businesses, as well Organisational Culture Organisational culture is described as a company’s personality or DNA. (Education Portal) has defined organisational culture as ‘a system of shared assumptionsRead MoreOrganisational Culture And Organizational Culture1730 Words   |  7 PagesOrganisational culture refers to ‘the shared beliefs and values guiding the thinking and behavioural styles of members’ (Cooke and Rousseau, 1988, in Bratton 2010: 334), indicating that employees who accept the common values of an organisation and put great effort on commitments are likely to build up a strong culture to an organisation. Edgar Schein (2004) proposed three levels of organisational culture. As employees go through changes, they gain experiences from the past, adapt to a new environmentRead MoreOrganizational Culture : Organisational Culture Essay729 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational Culture Defined In accordance with the Business Dictionary, organizational culture (similarly entitled Corporate Culture) is the standards and conducts which subsidize to the distinctive communal and the psychosomatic atmosphere of an establishment. Organizational culture incorporates an establishment s expectancies, knowledges, perspective, and principles which sustain it, collectively, and is articulated in its individual-representation, internal workings, collaborations with theRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Organisational Culture2209 Words   |  9 PagesLiterature on organisation culture has been involved rapidly and dynamically despite the relatively new to the concept (Schein, 2004). A considerable number of culture changes and management models have been developed by different scholars. The idea of management culture were hardly believed by many scholars. There are competing perspectives on the nature of organisational culture (Martin, Frost, and O Neill, 2006). The research method of organisational culture is fragmented and lacks ownershipRead MoreOrganizational Culture Change Challenges : Organisational Culture2033 Words   |  9 Pages Organisational Culture Change Challenges People and Organisational Culture Topics 1/2 Organisational Culture, 3/4 Change Management, 5/6 Managing Human Resources Assessment 1- T12016 Sharondeep Gill Ducere / University of Canberra â€Æ' The performance of an organization greatly depends on the ability of managers to effectively manage their workforce and resources. There is no single definitive classification of management functions and every organization has its own unique culture upon whichRead MoreOrganizational Behavior: Remaking Jcps Organisational Culture3994 Words   |  16 Pagesonwards. The contributions of Questrom and Castagna were more on optimizing business operation while Mike Ullman and Theilmann were more on changing the organisational culture. Shortly after joining as chairman and CEO of JCP in December 2004, Mike Ullman along with his top management team took various initiatives to change the climate and culture of JCP from the rigid one into more flexible and democratic environment. The most notable among these were the â€Å"Winning Together† principles (WTP), posterRead More‘Organizational Culture Can Be One of the Most Important Means of Improving Organizational Performance.â€⠄¢ Debate and Discuss.1357 Words   |  6 Pages‘Organizational Culture can be one of the most important means of improving organizational performance.’ Debate and discuss. Every Organization has a culture that constitutes the expected, supported and accepted way of work and behaviour.  Ã‚  These influence everyone s perception of the business from the chief executive to the lowest rank. Organisational culture can be described as the shared values, principles, traditions and ways of doing things that influence the way organizational members actRead MoreOrganizational Culture and Sick Leave1536 Words   |  6 PagesOrganisational Culture and Sick Leave 1 Introduction Sick leave is a significant policy for both employees and employers in modern businesses. This policy can be problematic for Australian business, as employees that aren’t sick are taking leave. These illegitimate claims are causing them to lose millions of dollars. In the case study â€Å"sick leave costing employers† it is exploring the use of this leave in organisations by employees, when not sick. Since this is affecting Australian BusinessesRead MoreTo What Extent Can Organisational Culture Be Managed? Is Organisational Culture Critical to the Success of an Organisation?1417 Words   |  6 PagesTo what extent can organisational culture be managed? Is organisational culture critical to the success of an organisation? Within the field of management, the success and failure of the modern business organisation has been largely depicted by the intricate concept of culture. Organisational culture, a concept borrowed from borrowed mostly from anthropology typically is defined as a complex set of values, beliefs, assumptions and symbols that define the way in which an organisation conducts and

Jean Piaget And Vygotsky And Language Development In Children

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two influential thinkers who have impacted the speech and language pathology field with their key theories. Piaget believed that there are four main stages in a child’s development that lead to a child learning language. Without these stages, Piaget argues that a child cannot cognitively grow at an appropriate pace (Kaderavek, 2105, p. 18 and p. 23). However, Vygotsky argues the Social Interactionist Theory, which states children develop language through social interacting with adults who are linguistically knowledgeable and the influence of the Zone of Proximal Development (Kaderavek, 2105, p. 18 and p. 23). With including these theories from Piaget and Vygotsky, this paper will explore how both of these†¦show more content†¦At this stage is when their mental lexicon expands, creating more complex sentences and holding conversations with their peers and other adults (Kaderavek, 2105, p. 18). Concrete operations is the next stage foll owing preoperational. This stage is developed between ages of seven to eleven where children begin the process of becoming logical thinkers, categorize objects and thoughts, and organize information (Kaderavek, 2015, p. 18). Lastly, the formal operation stage, from ages eleven to fifteen, is when children learn to be abstract thinkers by creating and testing hypotheses (Kaderavek, 2015, p. 18). Without these four important stages, Piaget believed that a child could not develop language accurately and in the future could develop a language disorder. Following next to Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, a developmental psychologist, believed that language â€Å"development does not proceed toward socialization, but toward the conversion of social relations into mental functions† (Dimitriadis and Kamberelis, 2006, p. 192). With this thought, Vygotsky developed the Social Interactionist Theory along with the Zone of Proximal Development. Since his theory emphasized children socially interact ing with adults and linguistically knowledgeable peers, Vygotsky perceives children’s language skills to develop at a higher rate due to their social interactions, which influences their cognitive abilities through success and failure. (Kaderavek, 2015, p.Show MoreRelatedVygotsky And Vygotsky Theories Of Learning1257 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of learning In this essay, I will compare and contrast jean Piaget and lev Vygotsky theories of learning. First, I will discuss Piaget followed by Vygotsky then I will compare and contrast both theorists. Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, he is known for his contribution to a theory of cognitive development. Piaget became interested in the reasons why children gave the wrong answers to questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrectRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Choice908 Words   |  4 PagesDeveloping language becomes the avenue from which children cultivate their social-emotional cognition which allows them to have an understanding of their social world and accumulate their culture (Shulman Singleton, 2010). Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two well-known cognitive psychologist who each had theories regarding language development and cognition. Both Piaget and Vygotsky had similarities in their theories as well as differences between them. While they were both conveyed greatRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Cognitive Development Of Thought And Language Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pagesteaching Delvalle, Ailà ­n Florencia Thought and Language: independent processes. With the passing of time, the development of thought and language has been the object of study for psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. The former drastically influenced the study of thought and speech with his theory of cognitive development and his clinical method. The latter also made his contribution with his sociocultural theory. Although language and thought may be analysed as associate one to theRead MoreJean Piaget And Lev Vygotsky848 Words   |  4 Pagesthings about child development. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two of those many theorists. Both of these theorists have their own beliefs on how children develop. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky differ in their developmental theories, how their theories help the intellectual development in children and the similarities in their theories. A developmental theory is a theory that a scientist has proven to be true for a child’s development. According to Karen Stephens (2015), â€Å"Jean Piaget believes thatRead MoreWgu Fht Task 11675 Words   |  7 PagesJessica Odessa Shepherd Human Development and Learning - FHT4 Western Governors University Student ID 259630 FHT4 - Task 1 Cognitive Development refers to the construction of the thought process that includes problem solving, remembering and the ability to make decisions, from childhood up to the adulthood stage. Cognitive/Intellectual Development is the ability to learn, reason, and analyze the fact that a process begins from infancy and progresses as the individual (Educational Psychology)Read MorePiaget And Vygotsky s Cognitive Development Theory1114 Words   |  5 Pagescognitive development, you cannot help but to think about two specific contributors to this area of study, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. First, let us discuss what exactly is cognitive development. Cognitive development is the process of how thought is constructed. This includes language learning, problem solving, reasoning, decision-making, as well as any other mental abilities. Cognitive development begins in childhood and continues to develop all the way through adulthood. Piaget and Vygotsky theoriesRead MoreEducational Methods Influenced By Jean Piaget And Lev Vygotsky800 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Both of these men provided influential theories, which had a significant impact on evaluating children’s learning styles and abilities. After years of research and observation, Piaget determined that intellectual development is the result of the interaction of individual and environmental factors. He felt that as a child develops and always interacts with the world around him, knowledge was established. Through his observations of his children, Piaget developedRead MorePiaget Vs Vygotsky : Piaget And Vygotsky1314 Words   |  6 PagesCompare Two Famous Educators: Piaget vs. Vygotsky Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are often considered the most influential cognitive development and learning psychologists of the 20th century. Their research efforts have inspired numerous interpretations and spawned new outlets of approaching developmental psychology. The following paragraphs will analyze the theories of Piaget of Vygotsky and discuss how their research can be used to advance the use of cognitive development in learning, both traditionalRead MorePiaget Of The Child : Theories Of Development Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Child: Theories of Development I† (Learning Seed, 1997), according to Vygotsky, the cognitive development in children is in direct relationship, and dependent on interaction with others. (Feldman 2010, pg. 20). Vygotsky believed to truly understand cognitive development; a child’s social and cultural experiences must be considered. Piaget believes theorists that focus on the mind are called cognitive theorists. Piaget was most interested in how children think. Piaget describes stages of cognitiveRead MorePiaget And Vygotsky Theory Of Cognitive Development Essay826 Words   |  4 Pagescognitive development and, highlight both Piaget and Vygotsky’s theory as it relates to cognitive development, and the significant differences between them. The term cognitive development refers to the process of growth and change in intellectual, mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning and understanding. It comprises of the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge. Infants draw on social-emotional, language, motor, and perceptual experience and abilities for cognitive development. According

Graduation Speech An Educator - 756 Words

As an educator, I am preparing to enter a classroom with many different cultural backgrounds. The first artifact that I chose to use to demonstrate my knowledge of Standard 4 of the CDLE endorsement was an interview I conducted as a piece of a presentation given to the class over Foster Care. The student I interviewed for this was a 10th grade student that is currently a part of the foster care system because she is a refugee from Ethiopia. English is her third language. She is actually very proficient at all of her languages, but uses a handheld translator when she reaches a word she does not understand. These words are usually higher level academic vocabulary words. She was married just before leaving Ethiopia and came here to get a better education. The only reason she is able to stay in the foster care system is she is under 21 and currently enrolled in high school. She attends school with 4 other student from her foster home all of whom are in the 10th grade. I was surprised to hear about that struggles she has had directly related to the foster care system. She works full time to buy the things she needs like clothes. Her foster parents provide only food and shelter to the foster children living in their home. This while their natural children are well taken care of and have their own rooms. The girl I conducted the interview with is the highest achieving of the others she lives with. I believe that it is because she chose to leave Ethiopia on her own to better herShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : Early Childhood Educator1314 Words   |  6 PagesEarly-Childhood Educator A day in the life of an early-childhood educator begins early with consistent routines. Teachers arrive at their room and prepare activities for the day. Once the students arrive in the classroom teachers begin with a structured morning activity to get their minds moving. After, morning announcements teachers begin to teach for the day with fun, in gaging lessons that seem to not even be related to learning. On some days the students will go to specials such as music, artRead MoreGraduation Speech : An Aspiring Elementary Educator1430 Words   |  6 PagesAs an aspiring elementary educator, my goal is to bridge the student’s knowledge to their curiosity. I will provide the facts that will drive their curiosity to asking questions that are relevant to the past and the future. I do not believe that avoiding inquiry is the most beneficial teaching method for my students because no student is â€Å"too young† to understand the events that have shaped our country and our wo rld. There is always a method to teach difficult content in an honest, truthful mannerRead MoreWalden University And My Future802 Words   |  4 PagesI am finally at the end of my journey and my graduate degree from Walden University is almost in my hand. Walden has asked me to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. When I was asked to do this, I was not sure what I would say. I spent some time thinking about my past year at Walden, and all of the things that I learned. I went from not knowing what to say when I was originally asked to having an abundance of things I could say about Walden. My future is bright thanks to Walden UniversityRead MoreEssay on Booker T. Washingtons Immense Achievements 952 Words   |  4 Pagesclear that Washington would never amount to much. Knowing this though, did not stop him from dreaming about the many achievements he wanted to accomplish. Washington’s passion to learn is what transformed him into, not a lowly slave, but instead: an educator, a writer and the founder of the Tuskegee Institute. Through these achievements though, Booker T. Washington became above all else, a leader. Booker T. Washington was a young boy when the Civil War ended and his family was granted freedom in 1965Read MoreEffective Methods For Accommodating Students With Disabilities Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pageselementary schools? Preface The right to equal education should be in reach of all students’ regardless of their educational needs and backgrounds. The barriers that students’ with disabilities face are evident in today’s public school education. We as educators sometimes ignore the capabilities of some of our disabled students’ and impede them from achieving their fullest potential. Inclusive education implementation has helped improve the quality of education offered to all children who attend school.Read MoreEssay On Teachers In The Law752 Words   |  4 PagesIn Teachers in the Law, chapter twelve elaborates on schools’ limitation freedom of expression. Policies are set into place to prevent controversial groups in the educational setting. In addition, educators’ freedom of expression is very limited. Although, there are guidelines are established students and teachers feel that restrictions upon organizational activities are violated and numerous of individuals ar e only guilty by association. Students organizations, political and social affiliationsRead MoreThe Misuse of Diversity in Education668 Words   |  3 Pageslonger tolerate the conditions in which he was surrounded. Kozol’s frustration compelled him to become a staunch advocate for disadvantaged children so that they might receive equal rights to a quality education. It was during his time as an educator that Kozol obtained direct knowledge of the educational system’s misrepresentation of the true definition of the word diversity. This prompted the writer to investigate the statistics. Furthermore, he visited several schools and compiled data basedRead MoreLyndon Johnson Was Convinced That Liberal Nationalism And1501 Words   |  7 Pageslegislation through Congress to establish the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO).In this speech, the purpose Lyndon B. Johnson outlines his vision and goals for The Great Society, a massive web of government programs and legislation aimed at societal improvement and progress. This speech was given during the University of Michigan s graduation commencement ceremony on May 22, 1964 in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The speech that was delivered was persuasive, however the intended audience (college graduates)Read MoreA Curriculum For All K 12 Grades1129 Words   |  5 Pagestaught yearly if they are a required course for graduation. It also requires a district to teach a required course if ten or more students indicate they will take the course, or, if fewer than 10 so indicate, teach the required course or offer options delineated in subchapter C, such as distance learning or courses taught by alternate methods. For secondary schools, this becomes critical information in setting up the course offerings for meeting graduation requirements for its students. The code alsoRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1244 Words   |  5 Pagesteaching—be prepared before they take that fatal plunge. So, in order to be best prepared for my future endeavors as an educator, I believe it is in my best interest to lay out a personal philosophy of education—a lay out that will aid me in times of need and a way to gauge change, progress, and growth through my Simpson College career. In doing so I will be prepared to be the best educator as I will know myself better and be able to use that self-knowledge to become the teacher I desire to be. Therefore

Stereotypical Representations Of African Culture - 1765 Words

For years now, the cinematic (Hollywood narrative films) worlds has based all sorts of their different films on Africa and its people, but are these stereotypical representations on Africa showcased in all films? Various genres such as comedy, drama, horror and even science-fiction have showcased African people showing us world cinema’s typical and ideal representation of an African character, portraying their culture poorly, negatively and violently, but not all films portray African characters negatively with no dominance. Though globally seen as poor people who live in poverty, that’s right, I said poverty, most children grow up to see Africans as just that. Poor and unfortunate. The typical African culture is generally assumed to be of poor and unfortunate civilization, undermining any positive influences that could possibly be made to Africa and its people. They are stereotyped as worthless outcasts, although films such as Tsotsi and Remember the Titans take these depictions of Africa and throughout the films, â€Å"Transform† them instantaneously in the films Tsotsi and ATL where aesthetic features such as costume, setting and mise en scene differentiate the representation of Africans to the reality in the film. Costume is one of the aesthetic features which influence the representations of Africans in the film Tsotsi. By directing certain characters in different costumes, it immediately gives the audience a solid first impression on the character and what sort of attitudesShow MoreRelatedColonialism And Racism In Crash By Paul Haggis839 Words   |  4 Pages Paul Haggis’s 2004 melodrama â€Å"Crash† is a film depicting the way diverse societies, cultures and environments affect each other’s lives. Characters are forced to interact and assist in uncomfortable and traumatic chains of events that impact the film’s ability to create intense moments that questioned are initial perspective of a character’s sense of morality. Haggis does an excellent job structuring the story around the concept of everyday life with unexpected moments of conflict, and developingRead MoreThe Representation of African Americans in the Media and Popular Culture901 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In popular culture, specifically American television, representations of African Americans often rely upon an array of stereotypes. Representation is the production of meaning through language or signifying systems. In media, the dominant stereotypes of African Americans include the sapphire, the coon, the jezebel, and the buck. These stereotypes originated during the minstrelsy period of the 1830s from white actors in blackface. While classic Black stereotypes originated during thisRead MoreImportant Points Of Racial Representation From Review Of Literature926 Words   |  4 PagesResponse #3 Important points about racial representation from Review of Literature †¢ People of different races (other than whites) have restricted positions on television †¢ White’s dominate over minorities when they appear on screen- Minorities shadow behind White culture †¢ When shown on TV, people of color are in the background and are shown in stereotypical characters †¢ Whites viewed as ideal audiences, hence television shows with Whites as main leads †¢ African American celebrities are athletes thatRead MoreAmerica s The Global Movie Scene806 Words   |  4 PagesFor generations, Hollywood has dominated the global movie scene. In many countries American films capture up to 90 percent of the market (Campbell 201). Cultural studies is in fact the study of the ways in which culture is constructed and organized and the ways in which it evolves and changes over time. More recently, as globalization has started to intensify, and the United States government has been actively promoting free trade agendas and trade on cultural products, which led Hollywood into becomingRead MoreAfrican American Stereotypes Reality Television1531 Words   |  7 Pagesideas of social order and cultural norms to its audiences, while perpetuating racial stereotypes in society (Mendible, 2004). My purpose of the review of literature is to examine and analyze reality television’s influence on people’s perceptions of African American stereo types. Reality Television Reality based television has a broad landscape ranging from competitive game-like shows to programs following the daily lives of a group of people. Every major network now has some form of reality programmingRead MoreRace Is a Significant Factor in Identification of Individuals and Groups1493 Words   |  6 Pagesis over. This fantasy mentality is due the naturalized process of racism and racial discrimination (Hall, 272). Naturalized racism is especially dominant in aspects of pop culture including television, and movies. Racism has been commodified and depicted as an act of celebration, which adds to the invisibility. Pop culture has an influential role in constructing and producing the celebratory and commodified ideology of racism. Stuart Hall claims that to understand the ideology of race it is importantRead MoreAmerica s Social Climate : The Melting Pot1680 Words   |  7 Pagesdelivers a powerful and intriguing theme, the reality is that Hollywood has yet again provided the Eurocentric view and classical style or naturalized ideology through stereotypical roles and dominant power needed to deliver the lower class (black women) to feeling empowered to fight the system. The Help resonates among a guilty white culture about the atrocities of slavery and the urban conditions that remain in our society. The era in which the film depicts is of the civil rights movement, the submissionRead MoreHow does the mass media reinforce sterotypes?1508 Words   |  7 Pagesexperiences (Lester, 1996, p.1), the stereotyping of individuals results in harmful generalisations that ultimately deny an individuals unique contribution to humanity (Lester, 1996, p.1). When the mass media engage in stereotyping, misleading representations concerning members from diverse cultural groups are confirmed. In this essay, a broad range of texts will be used to examine the ways in which the mass media construct and reinforce social stereotypes around gender, ethnicity and age, as wellRead MoreThe Portrayal Of Gay And Gay891 Words   |  4 Pages Over the last few decades, our society went through a huge transformation in culture, politics and media that no one else could have foreseen. There is an obvious increase in the acceptance of homosexuality. Even though lesbian and gay people have gradually moved onto the stage in growing numbers, there are still some problems exist in the ways that media perpetuate homosexual stereotypes. According to an article by Chong-suk Han, â€Å"The subjective storytelling found in ‘journalistic’ piecesRead MoreThe Intersection Of Race And Media1489 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican television or is it still being normalized into cinema and television by reproducing the understanding of racial difference leading to generalized stereotypes? Media has been shown to have the potential to pr omote or to call into question stereotypical views of social groups, including those defined by race, ethnicity, gender and sexual identity. (Scharrer 2015) Media has the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and communicate messages in a variety of forms. Could media constrict views of race

Manager Free Essays

Gilson Christelle 13, Avenue Walckiers, 1160 Auderghem, Belgium Tel: +32496120463 e-mail : gilsonchristelle@hotmail. com Born Sept 02nd 1974, Single Summary: – European Market Development Manager. – European Technical and Development Manager for 4 plants producing 60000 tons of Polyethylen stretch film. We will write a custom essay sample on Manager or any similar topic only for you Order Now – Second year International Executive Master Business Administration. – Team player with strong motivational skills, smiling. Professional Experience 02/2000 ( now Illinois Tool Works Inc. ITW Mima Packaging System, part of the multinational company Illinois Tool Works Inc. is a world leader in Stretch oriented packaging technology and innovation. The company manufactures both stretch wrapping machinery and stretch film.The group has 4 European plants producing and converting stretch film. The headquarter is located in Strassen in Luxemburg. Web site: http://www. itwmima. eu 06/2010 – now ITW Mima headquarter, European Market Development Manager. Main responsibilities: ? Investigation of new markets, new applications in collaboration with the sales teams and raw material suppliers to develop new applications in the packaging system selling approach (film machine). Discover hidden customer needs via Blueprinting program: customer interviews. – Develop and maintain an in-depth knowledge of key markets and competitors via market and competitors research. – Investigation on new raw material. – Responsible for the packaging optimisation center in Virton (Belgium). 07/2004 – 06/2010 ITW Mima headquarter, European Technical and Development Manager. Main responsibilities: ? Management of the RD department for 4 plants located in Europe : Waterford ( Ireland), Gorey ( Ireland), Whiel (Germany), Virton ( Belgium) : – RD budget plan management, long range plan management.Development and implementation of new formulations. – Implementation of the same production standard (product), quality control system in the 4 plants. – Support of all technical activities with manufacturing managers to optimise the production: increase material efficiency, uptime, decrease quality complaints, returns. – Coaching of 5 subordinates: lab technicians, engineer. ? Product management: item list – Kan Ban – Product line simplification (PLS). 07/2001 – 06/2004 Mima Films, Belgium, Technical and Development Manager. Main responsibilities: Development of new generation of stretch film: oriented thin film (7 µ). ? Management of projects from elaboration to implementation. ? Technical assistance to customers. ? Responsible for the lab quality in Ireland Germany: coach 2 subordinates, supervision of the test results, processing of the results, establish customer specifications for all new products. ? Develop and maintain an in-depth knowledge of key markets and competitors. ? Responsible for quality: complaints, ISO9001 version 2000, internal auditor. Responsible for all environmental aspects of the company: ISO14000. 2/2000 – 07/2001 Mima Films, Belgium, Quality and Development engineer. Main responsibilities: ? Developments of new formulations for high performance cast and blown film. Test and evaluation of all new resins on the market (metallocen, octen, hexen,†¦). ?Responsible for the lab quality: coach 2 subordinates, supervision of the test results, processing of the results, establish customer specifications for all new products. ? Control quality problems and install corrective actions in the plant to decrease the percentage of return. Follow the tracability of a complaint. Responsible for the ISO 9001certification for the plants of Belgium and Ireland. Ensure all procedures are up dated and followed: internal audits. Prepare the site for the new standard version 2000. 10/1998(02/2000 Test-Achats, Belgium. Test-Achats, subsidiary company of Conseur, European group for the consumer defence. Web site: http://www. test-achats. be 10/1998-02/2000 Test-Achats, Belgium, Project officer, energy sector. Main responsibilities: ? Responsible for the test relating to the energy sector (isolation, heating systems, electricity cost,†¦).Set up the test scheme, look for appropriated laboratories, process the lab results and evaluation of the results. 07/1997(09/1998 Fina Research, Belgium. European research center of the worldwide petroleum company TotalFinaElf. Web site: http://www. totalfinaelf. com 07/1997-06/1998 Fina Research,Feluy, industrial engineer, elastomer department. Main responsibilities: ? Research and develop new stabilisations (antioxidant) for a SBS grade: test of different stabilisations on the roll mill, on spectrometer.Analyses of mechanical properties: dart impact, Brabender test, elongation, tear resistance. ? Study of dynamic properties for SBS grades. ? Chemical analyses. 06/1998-09/1998 Fina Research,Feluy, industrial engineer, asphalt department. Main responsibilities: ? Rheological study: development new procedure for the viscosity measurement of road asphalt (bitumen). Use of Universal Dynamic Spectrometer (UDS). Education 1992 (1997 Industrial engineer (industrial chemistry  : orientation polymers); Institut superieur industriel de Bruxelles (ISIB). Degree  : distinction. 009 ( 2011 International Executive MBA Louvain School of Management Belgium Languages/Computing Languages ? French: Native language ? English: Fluent ? Dutch: medium knowledge ? German: basic knowledge Computing ? Microsoft office Interests ? Sports: tennis, dance. ? Travels. ? Study trips: – 10/2009 â€Å"Management information system† Corvinus University Budapest Hungary – 05/2010 â€Å"Cross Cultural Management† Jiatong University Shanghai China. – 10/2010 â€Å"Doing Business in Brazil† USP University Sao Paulo Brazil How to cite Manager, Papers Manager Free Essays string(37) " staff call to receive good results\." â€Å"All managers should be leaders, but not all leaders should be managers. † Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Support your position. Yes, I agree about that. We will write a custom essay sample on Manager or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let’s talk about what is manager and what is leader first? Manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organization goals can be accomplished. Leader is someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority. There is difference between leaders and managers. Managing is about efficiency. Leading is about effectiveness. Managing is about how. Leading is about what and why. Management is about systems, controls, procedures, policies, and structure. Leadership is about trust — about people. Leadership is about innovating and initiating. Management is about copying, about managing the status quo. Leadership is creative, adaptive, and agile. Leadership looks at the horizon, not just the bottom line. How to become a leader, not just a manager? This requires managers to make the appropriate changes and adjustments in the role. This shift consists of three (3) levels: From strategists to â€Å"vision† From the conductor to the storyteller Change from a system builder From strategists to â€Å"vision† From this level of the strategy have already seen that a considerable number of managers have their work on how to construct an enterprise system, what kind of way to achieve corporate goals, so they stressed that the strategy and tactics. But today, more emphasis on a vision, it is more important than strategy. Because the strategy itself has a lot of uncertainty, if you try the strategy to attract some followers, often may not be able to achieve their goals. People how to do things for the leader was not interested, but if the leader to subordinates show a vision is a grand blueprint, this time, people are willing to follow the leader to share this glory. So a good vision, you should have four (4) conditions. ? Ideality A good vision should be consistent with an expectation for the future, has a good incentive. It could create a proud, self-esteem, vitality and a sense of accomplishment. ? Measurable A good vision should have a standard of excellence reflects the height of the ideal. ? Unity Vision to meet the company’s history, culture and values agree. Attract An exciting vision can cause widespread concern. In order to facilitate memory, the corporate vision can be expressed in simple language. For example, Sony’s vision is to experience the joy of a progress, and the use of the most beneficial technology to the public; Wal-Mart to let ordinary people have the opportunity to buy the same thing with the rich; there we are familiar with Disneyland, their vision is four words: to bring people laughter. Besides this, a good leader must have passion, integrity, trust, curiosity, daring. From the conductor to the storyteller In fact, the role of adjustment with the first relationship, a strategic leader in the layout of the tasks is ordered. Vision type of leader is not the same; he in fact is induced in a source of inspiration to achieve their goals. The leader said that the vision of style, way of communicating instead of command. Of course, this also requires some skill. Tell a story of leadership often heartwarming story to inspire the morale of the staff, even under the embrace of vision, but in turn if the story you speak do not have anything interesting you would be very difficult to encourage a group of people to achieve the target. In fact, the best story is about some of the problems of your own, including some of your personal problems, including some of the issues in your organization, including your own experience, that is, from the nature of the problem. For example, who you are today in what the status, the future of enterprise is what kind of goals to be reached. These problems can be a reflection of the leader’s way of thinking and values; it is to face reality and a vision of the future vision. But the storyteller has it must pay attention, that is to do practice what they preach. Change from a system builder This shift is related in front of the two elements. If the leader is the spread of ideas is well known, we are already familiar with, that does not require you to do. In this sense, one of the important responsibilities of a leader lies in change and innovation. To play a creating and destroying the role, undermine the purpose is to create better. ————————————————- Panasonic – A success story in developing leaders Konosuke Matsushita Panasonic electrical products in the world market have long been famous at home and abroad the business community as the â€Å"god of management† company founder Konosuke Matsushita. Now, Matsushita Electric Corporation has been included in the ranking among the world’s 50 largest companies, we can see that its strength is strong, the huge business empire. Panasonic  has been able to  today,  is  inseparable from  and  Matsushita well managed and well run. He is a visionary leadership’s leader. Matsushita Electric Corporation, with about the same time, founded by the U. S. General Motors Corporation, telegraph and telephone companies are to compare, you will find these companies due to lack of vitality and fall on the Panasonic can be said that an important factor in the success of Matsushita Electric Corporation â€Å"spiritual values† at work. The Matsushita’s provisions of the company’s activities are: â€Å"a clear understanding of the responsibility of the industrialist, to encourage progress and promote the welfare of society as a whole, is committed to the prosperity and development of world culture. At the same time, Matsushita Electric Corporation using the Reward Power means the power to give positive benefits or reward to the employee/ staff. The proposal bonus system is very unique company not only positive and encouraging employees to the company at any time suggestions, and election by the workers set up a committee to promote the provision of construction, wide staff call to receive good results. You read "Manager" in category "Essay examples" The Matsushita Basic Business Philosophy consists of three elements. Basic Management Objective – expresses the corporate goals of the company: â€Å"Recognizing our responsibilities as industrialist, we will devote ourselves to the progress and development of society and the well being of people through our business activities, thereby enhancing the quality of life throughout the world. † Company Creed – expresses the basic attitude of employees to their daily work: â€Å"Progress and development can only be realized through the combined efforts and cooperation of each employee of our company. United in spirit, we pledge to perform our corporate duties with dedication, diligence and integrity. † The Seven Principles – set the standard for the employees’ proper mental attitude for their daily work: Contribution to society; Fairness and Honesty; Cooperation and Team Spirit; Untiring Effort for Improvement; Courtesy and Humility; Adaptability; Gratitude. – Outstanding leadership to wake up the others inherent life. – From life in order to generate an endless supply of creativity and economic outcomes. ————————————————- Intel’s Leadership Intel’s president and chief executive Andy Kleen, inevitably he excels in the management of often saying: â€Å"we have to do is to let employees have a negative emotional and sabotage state. Indeed, as an outstanding leader is not a simple matter, following consolidate the excellent leadership of the 10 from all walks of life, to experience their â€Å"authority of the secret†. Facing a tough challenge As the term of the new leadership took office, will certainly face a variety of challenges, â€Å"A new broom sweeps clean†, this fire burning up is not an easy thing. Not familiar with the original system under the mismatch, but also deal in all kinds of relationships which, without a certain courage of your convictions is difficult to withstand such pressure, according to the analysis of these experienced leaders to do The first thing is to get rid of this fear of hardship, see the situation as soon as possible to control their own location, and clearly understand what is the first thing to do, then, face the facts, take the initiative! Purification team As a leader, to let subordinate their own produce the psychology of a trust. Is the first to establish a style. Central figure should have a strong sense of responsibility can guarantee that the team is a problem when the courage to take responsibility. Often subordinate to the higher level of psychological feelings are built on the basis of mutual trust and rely on. Establish their own authority, began to ensure that their rights must be subordinate to an affirmation. Malicious â€Å"dissidents† is to eliminate certain from the team which you cannot leave remnants, Mathias both, reward and punishment. Actively communicate Have always believed, did not solve the problem. But the ways and means of communication cannot be ignored. Outstanding leadership has never been good at using the medium of e-mail and the like, they were convinced that face-to-face communication is the most reliable and effective. Location usually in the coffee shop, or relaxing cafes. Remember that the exchange is not alone the speech, mutual communication is the key. Was not an easy topic in a relaxed environment with a relaxed tone, to explore, have the effect may be beyond the imagination! To maintain self- A lot of leadership in order to coordinate the whole team members’ views into the first. This way of thinking and ideas and there are no errors, however, should always be borne in mind, he is the soul of the whole team. Should always keep the self. Not because of other worries slowly losing principle. Abraham Lincoln is an immortal, the great leader of his political enemies all the time. However, no matter how those who oppose him, he is still convinced that the concept of the North-South reunification can not be changed. Most a firm and an excellent leader and mastermind, do not lose self is to ensure the realization of the fundamental self-worth! Most managers would like to evolve into leaders, but relatively few do. For managers to evolve into leaders, they must develop six essential attributes as enumerated by the motivational guru John Di Frances. These are creating and sharing a vision, setting high standards, living those high standards and mentoring those who follow, making hard choices where necessary, being visible and out front and instilling hope in those who follow. These attributes are not inherited, nor are people born with them; they are battle scars earned from experience and proven in the time of adversity. Managers who go through this trial by fire acquire these attributes and evolve into effective leaders who have a deep commitment to their cause and the best interests of others uppermost in their mind. Managers typically focus on getting things done and are evaluated on the results they produce on measurable lines. They are the movers amongst the organization and play the role of multipliers who help steer the company’s course. The unquantifiable element in a manager’s role is that of leadership- and this makes them most effective in producing results which are long term sustainable and repeatable. A good leader ensures the progress of the team and business interests before him. He places his focus on what needs to be done. His thinking is strategic and focused on objectives. And once he sets the course he motivates, mentors and empowers his team to walk ahead bringing out their best while he walks behind in support of their efforts. Conclusion A good leader must have passion, integrity, trust, curiosity, daring. The Matsushita Basic Business Philosophy. Recently, I watched a movie a about The Pursuit of Happiness. This movie is a few years old ago. However it is as awesome as ever! Based on the true story of Chris Gardener who goes through a series of soul-sickening failures and defeats, missed opportunities and screw ups to not let anything stop him†¦ to not complain and let any considerations get in his way†¦ in the end he succeeds†¦ wow, very inspiring. The Pursuit of Happiness  is a part of Leadership Movies, a series of films with leadership themes. In that movie, I learn 2 things that are: – . Persistence is key Although Chris faced many setbacks in the movie, he never stopped trying. His persistence gave him success eventually. 2. Have hunger for success Chris had extreme hunger for success in his life, and it contributed to his persistence. He had lost everything in his life, and it was his hunger to get out of the rut that brought him to his eventual success. Total Word: 2177words References LEADERSHIP LESSONS Charlie’s Blog 2011 http://web. me. com/calter/Site/Blog/Entries/2011/12/26_Leadership_Lessons. html 3 pieces of advice or traits Charlie Alter 2011 http://www. focus. com/questions/what-are-3-pieces-advice-traits-help-manager-become-leader/ The Difference: Leader or Manager? Anonymous 2009 http://pattyinglishms. hubpages. com/hub/Manager-Leader Are You a Manager, a Leader, or Both? Jill Geisler 2011 http://www. poynter. org/how-tos/leadership-management/what-great-bosses-know/21563/are-you-a-manager-a-leader-or-both/ Leadership Anonymous unknown http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Leadership From Manager to  Leader Leslie L. Kossoff unknown http://management. about. com/od/leadership/a/FromMgr2Ldr05. tm Leadership vs. Management Anonymous 2012 http://changingminds. org/disciplines/leadership/articles/manager_leader. htm Leader  vs  Manage Anonymous unknown http://www. futurevisions. org/ldr_mgr. htm Leadership Movies Anonymous 2011 http://www. leadership-with-you. com/leadership-movies-pursuit-of-happyness. html Matsushita Leadership John P. Kotter 2011 http://www. 1000ventures. com/business_guide/cs_biz_lead ers_matsushita. html Panasonic – A success story in developing leaders Nurul Jameela  unknown http://www. curtin. edu. my/cya/view. php? id=30 How to cite Manager, Essay examples

Torts and Contract

Question: Discuss about the case study for Torts and Contract. Answer: Based on the facts, the following issues needs to be addressed: 1. Whether, the contract between Adam and Jessa is valid and enforceable. 2. Whether, Jessa is liable of making the payment to Adam the value of $10,000. The factor whether the contract that exists between the two is valid or enforceable depends on upon the discussion of the elements that are to be present in a valid contract that can be enforced in the court of law. There are several elements of a valid contract. Those elements are an offer, acceptance, consideration, legal age and intention. In the case of Jessa and Adam, there was existence of offer, acceptance, consideration, legal age and intention. A contract can be defined as a promise or a set of promises, which is enforceable by law. However, due to the presence of certain factors, the contract may become undermine and the execution of the contract may be hampered. These factors are known as vitiating factors such as misrepresentation, mistake, duress and illegality. In the present case, Adam was aware that there is likelihood that Hannah may file a case against him for infringing rules related to council regulations. This worried Adam and he decided to sell the house to Jessa. Jessa was completely unaware of the differences that had taken place between Adam and Hannah and neither did he inform her about it. However, Jessa on a later date did not purchase that house, but Adam should have informed Jessa of the actions that may cause infringement of Council regulations. For this, Adam may be held liable for misrepresentation as he induced Jessa in forming contract of sale with her without showing to her the disadvantages related to this contract. Additionally, Adam can also be held liable for unconscionable contract, as Adam included a term in the contract, which can be regarded by law as unjust and unreasonable, that is if Jessa would not be able to secure a satisfactory finance she will have to pay Adam a compensation of 10,000 dollars. Such term s are regarded as unconscionable term in the eyes of law. A similar dealing was seen in the case of ASIC V. Lux , the Court held that the terms of the contract of sale with the buyer were unconscionable in nature as it was unlawful and unjust. In the same way, the imposition of 10,000 dollars can be considered by the Court as unconscionable, as Adam would not suffer any direct loss from the breach of contract. Hence, Jessa cannot be held liable for payment of 10,000 dollars to Adam, as there was no valid contract between Adam and Jessa due to the presence of vitiating factors in the contract. Rescission means demonstrated avoidance of a voidable contract. The rights and obligations of parties to the contract remain in force, until the innocent party chooses to rescind the contract. The moment rescission comes into force; the existing contract becomes invalid and non-enforceable. A misrepresentation that is made negligently or fraudulently that leads to change of position of the representee by relying on the statement of the representator is known as actionable misrepresentation. Hence, contract rescission means cancellation or termination of contract. The purpose of rescinding a contract is to restore the parties to their original status before the contract was made. Rescission is used as a remedy in cases where there were issues with the formation of contract. For cancellation of contract, the Judge must determine that there are sufficient reasons for cancellation of contract. A contract cannot be cancelled only because the parties to the contract changed their mind, there should be sufficient grounds for a contract to be rescinded. in the following circumstances, a contract may be rescinded: Consent: When both the parties to the contract, show their intention of rescinding the contract, a contract may be rescinded. However, mutual rescission of contract requires presentation of written document signed by both the parties. Issues with formation of contract: a contract cannot obtain a legal status if acquired by fraud or coercion. If a contract is formed under illegal conditions such as fraud, lack of capacity, misrepresentation or mistake, a contract may be rescinded. Consideration: a contract may be rescinded when there are issues with consideration of contract that is if the consideration is not adequate or is illegal. In such cases, contract may be rescinded. In the case of Adam and Jessie, there were issues with their contract since the incorporation of contract. The contract that existed between Adam and Jessa had vitiating factors in it making the contract unenforceable and illegal. In the case of Museprime Properties v. Adhill Properties, it was held that any misrepresentation that induces a person to enter into a contract should be a ground for rescission of contract. If the misrepresentation induced a person to enter into a contract, depending on the representation made by the representator, the representee may rescind the contract. Hence, Jessa can rightfully rescind the contract as her contract was not valid due to the presence of misrepresentation in it. The law relating to contractual penalties is a development of common law in England without the intervention of statutes. Penalties in English law are contractual terms that are not enforceable in the Court of law because of their penal character. It has been a matter of the English rule that if a contract contains penalty, then the parties to the contract shall disregard that provision and consider it as unenforceable. However, with the development of the common law the meaning of what shall be regarded as penalty has changed with time. However, apart from the common law rules that relates to onerous provisions, the Unfair Contract Terms also contains provisions relating to extravagant clauses. In the case of Parking Eye v. Beavis, the Court held that an unfair term of the contract could not be enforced by any of the parties to the case. In this case, the defendant was held liable for payment of 85 pounds since he overstayed the two hour parking limit in a car park at a retail outlet. The claimant filed a suit against the defendant for obtaining the sum from him as it caused indirect loss to the claimant. The Court, initially, agreed with the claim of the plaintiff and ordered the defendant to pay the sum of compensation; however, the defendant in response to this stated that the claim made for compensation actually exceeded the loss for which he was held liable[10]. The claimant requested the Court to consider the principles of extravagance and unconscionability, and that their charges did not comprise of these. Though the claimant did not suffer any direct loss, however, if the claimant did not regulate the use of the car park, he would be at the risk of losing its contra ct with the landowner. Hence, the Court held the terms of the contract as valid, fair and not extravagant and hence ordered the defendant to pay the compensation. Likewise, in the case of Adam and Jessa, Jessa receives a notice from a local council that informs her that the council is ordering immediate cessation of the activities at Brownstone. Jessa suffers losses because of this. Particularly, she faces loss of contract to make an entire set of lounge for 150,000 dollars, loses existing clients of 10,000 dollars, and incurs medical expenses of around $3,000. Hence, Jessa may file a case against Adam for compensation for the losses she has suffered. In this case, the Court will have to review extravagant and exorbitant clauses and will assess if the compensation claimed by Jessa is in excess of the losses she has suffered. If the answer to this question is no, then the Court may pass on order to Adam for payment of the compensation along with the penalties for misrepresenting facts of the case. In the case of AMEV UDC Finance Ltd v. Austin, Justice Mason and Justice Wilson held that since the establishment of the judicial system, a penalty provision is regarded as unenforceable. The reason behind this was that since a clause that contains penalty is used as a defense to the claim of contract, one might declare it as unenforceable and void. In the case of Mardessi, the Supreme Court laid emphasis on the word unenforceable rather than making the contract void. References: Bant, Elise, and Michael Bryan. "Fact, Future and Fiction: Risk and Reasonable Reliance in Estoppel."Oxford Journal of Legal Studies35.3 (2015): 427-452. Brereton, Paul. "Binding or bound to fail?: Equitable remedies and rectification of financial agreements."Australian Family Lawyer23.2 (2013): 31. Fu, Junwei. "Freedom of Contract in the EU and China."J. Int't Com. L. Tech.8 (2013): 274. Hoffer, Peter Charles. "Principled Discretion: Concealment, Conscience, and Chancellors."Yale Journal of Law the Humanities3.1 (2013): 4. Hunter Jr, Richard J. "Statutory Override of an as Is Sale: A Historical Appraisal and Analysis of the UCC, Magnuson-Moss, and State Lemon Laws, A."U. Mass. L. Rev.11 (2016): 44. Jiang, Hao. "The Fictitious Freedom to Contract Around Fraud under Delaware Law. pdf." (2016). Rodrigo, Thanuja. "Toward Fairness in the Guarantee Market: The Rationale for Expanding Interventions from Fraud to Unconscionability in the Enforcement of Demand Guarantees."Int'l Trade Bus. L. Rev.16 (2013): 225. Rycroft, Alan. "Settlement and the law."S. African LJ130 (2013): 187. Stoop, Philip N. "The Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 and procedural fairness in consumer contracts."PER: Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad18.4 (2015): 1092-1124. Thanasegaran, Haemala. "Utmost Good Faith and Takaful in Malaysia."Good Faith in Insurance and Takaful Contracts in Malaysia. Springer Singapore, 2016. 145-165. Travalio, Gregory M., and Mark Troutman.Anderson's Ohio Consumer Law Manual. LexisNexis, 2012.