How to Make Spanish Rice

How to Make Spanish Rice Making Spanish rice is a fairly fast and easy process. It involves browning the rice, adding the ingredients, and cooking the rice. Before you begin you will need the following ingredients: cooking oil (vegetable or canola), long grain rice (I prefer Mahatma Jasmine), a tomato, an onion, water, and tomato bullion. The following seasonings are optional: Sazon Goya con azafran, Sazon Goya con culantro/achiote. found on Mexican food aisle at most grocery stores)You will also need a two quart sauce pan with a lid (a larger pan may be used, but the rice will cook faster, therefore the cooking time will vary), a large spoon, and a gas or electric stove top. You need to take caution not to brown the rice too fast. If you cook the Spanish rice according to the following process, the rice will be soft and moist, with no standing liquid in the pan. First you will need to brown the rice.In order to do this, you will need to add a half cup of cooking oil to a two quart s auce pan (a larger pan will work, but the rice will have more room to cook, therefore it will cook faster and take less time). Next, pre-heat the oil on medium heat for about two minutes. Then add two cups of long grain rice to the pre-heated oil. (I prefer Mahatma Jasmine long grain rice because it cooks fluffier and it looks better) Continue to cook the rice on medium heat, stirring often with a large spoon. While the rice is browning, chop a small tomato and half of a medium onion.When the rice starts to brown, you will need to stir the rice more frequently. The rice will burn if you fail to stir it often or have the heat too high. The rice will be a golden brown color when it is ready for the next process. Browning the rice usually takes about fifteen minutes. The second process is adding the ingredients. First, stir in the chopped onions and tomatoes. Then add five and a half cups of water and stir. Let the water heat, but not to boiling. When the water appears hot, add five te aspoons of Knorr tomato bullion.Then add two packets of each: Sazon Goya con azafran (orange/yellow box), Sazon Goya con culantro/achiote (two tone orange box). (This can be found on the Mexican aisle at most grocery stores. The Sazon Goya is optional. I use it because it gives the rice a little more color and I think a better flavor). Stir the mixture until the seasonings are well dissolved. Place the lid on the rice. You should then reduce the heat at this point to medium/low. The final step in cooking the Spanish rice doesn’t take long. I think it is the fastest process of the three.I usually let the rice cook for about thirteen-eighteen minutes. I do not stir the rice at all during this final step. I open the lid every few minutes to make sure the rice is not cooking too fast. You should see liquid for at least the first eight minutes or so. When you do not stir the rice, it appears fluffier and not so mushy looking. The Spanish rice will be ready when you no longer see s tanding liquid in the pan. You can carefully insert the large spoon down to the bottom of the pan of Spanish rice (without stirring) to make sure the rice is not cooking too fast and to see if the rice is ready.The rice will be soft when it is ready. Keep the lid on the pan until you are ready to serve it. If you have followed the previous steps of this process correctly, your Spanish rice will be fluffy and soft. If you browned the rice too fast, it will be hard and will not fully cook as it should. The rice will also have a burnt taste. In the event this happens, reduce the heat while you are browning the rice or stir more frequently the next time you make Spanish rice.If the Spanish rice is too dry or hard, it may be possible you had your heat to high after adding the ingredients. The next time you should cook it on a lower heat, or add a little more water. You may take into consideration that some stoves may vary. This process was done with an electric stove. You can make little tweaks in this process if you find it necessary. You can reduce the heat if the rice appears to cook to fast. The rice seldom ever cooks too slowly. If it cooks too slowly, it will usually just take a little longer to cook.

Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Essay

Many people are constantly discussing the issue of welfare recipients abusing the system and spending their money on drugs while receiving government assistance. This issue has brought forward a possible solution of states passing legislation that will require welfare applicants to submit to a drug test before receiving any sort of government assistance. Drug testing welfare applicants before allowing them to receive assistance is a positive idea because most employers require drug tests to be taken by applicants pre-employment. This will help make sure that the government funding is being put toward the family and the needs of the household, and also because in the future it will benefit the children growing up in the home. All welfare applicants should be drug tested prior to receiving funds. Most employers today require pre-employment drug screens and some employers also drug test their employees randomly throughout their time of employment. They do this to ensure that they are hiring a responsible employee that will not show up to their place of employment while under the influence of illegal substances. As everyone knows, illegal substances that employees test for are typically mind altering medications that prevent people from functioning normally and doing their job to their full potential. Working while under the influence of illegal drugs also poses a safety risk to the employee and surrounding employees. If to earn an income at most jobs people are required to pass a pre-employment drug screen, there is no reason that to earn an income provided by the state should be any different. Some employers also require their employees to submit to random drug tests while employed with their company or business so that no one can â€Å"cheat the system. † This helps employers make sure that their employees are drug free at all times. When a welfare applicant is granted assistance, the state assumes that all of their means of income are being used to buy items that are needed by the family and by the household. However that is not always the case. In some welfare cases the recipients are abusing drugs. By drug testing the recipients before granting their request for assistance and then randomly drug testing them throughout the time frame that assistance is required, this will significantly lower the amount of recipients that abuse drugs. Arizona representative and member of the Committee on Health and Human services, Kimberly Yee states that, â€Å"Arizona established a program in 2009 to test welfare recipients for drug abuse when there’s a reasonable suspicion of drug use. This program confronts addicts with their drug abuse problems so they may quickly receive treatment and become productive members of society again. † If welfare recipients confront their problem and become productive members of society it will ensure that any possible income will be going toward things that the family and children need such as food and clothing. Children who are raised by sober parents start off with a chance at a brighter future than children who are raised under the care of a drug addict. Parents who work regular jobs and are required to pass a pre-employment drug screen are able to provide more for their children. Instead of spending their money on drugs or alcohol, they use it to buy items for their children. Sober parents have more money to buy food to make sure that their children are well nourished. Sober parents also have more money to buy items like books, coloring books, crayons, markers, or arts and crafts supplies which will all be assets to a child’s learning and development. Children of sober parents are more likely to be able to join groups or teams in schools also which will help them socialize. All in all, growing up with sober parents benefits children and can seriously affect their future positively. Growing up with parents who use illegal drugs could create a pattern throughout their children, and they could end up using drugs as well when they grow up. The Office on Child Abuse and Neglect, Children’s Bureau, ICF International states that, â€Å"Children who experience either prenatal or postnatal drug exposure are at risk for a range of emotional, academic, and developmental problems. For example, they are more likely to: experience symptoms of depression and anxiety, suffer from psychiatric disorders, exhibit behavior problems, score lower on school achievement tests, and demonstrate difficulties in school† (â€Å"Protecting Children†). If we can lessen the amount of children that are forced to grow up with â€Å"high† parents, we can brighten the future for everybody. Drug testing welfare applicants before allowing them to receive government assistance will be beneficial because most employers require drug tests to be taken by applicants pre-employment, it will help make sure that the government funding is being put toward the needs of the household, and also because in the future it will benefit the children growing up in the home. If to go out into the public and get a job you are required to pass a pre-employment drug screen, then there is no reason that to earn income from the government should be treated any differently. Drug testing welfare recipients will increase the number of children raised by sober parents instead of parents that are under the influence of illegal substances. States passing legislation to require welfare applicants to submit to a drug test before they are granted assistance will only benefit people positively. Works Cited â€Å"Protecting Children in Families Affected by Substance Use Disorders. † Child Welfare Information Gateway. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2009. Web. 18 Sept. 2013. Yee, Kimberly. â€Å"Opposing view: No drug test, no welfare. † USA Today News. Ed. Brent Jones. USA Today, 18 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 Sept. 2013.

Abnormally Normal

All the college help websites say that the trick to a butt-kicking college essay is to be yourself. And yet, the whole point is to impress whosever reading it, because the overall goal is to stand out. I’ve been reading different samples, just trying to get a spark of inspiration (don’t worry, no plagiarism was involved), but to be honest, I can’t relate any of these â€Å"top-rated college essays† to my own life. I’ve never had a friend killed by a drunk driver, or a parent devoured by some horrific disease. I am not a Guitar Hero champion or a red headed, left-handed sextuplet. I am, for all intents and purposes, normal. Strange though†¦I never thought I would be saying that. A true Barbie fanatic as a child, my idea of normal was the â€Å"Pleasantville† household: a squeaky clean suburban house, 2 kids, a cat, high school sweetheart parents, a doctor/lawyer father and a stay-at-home mom of course. Growing up in an Ivy-league collegetown, there was certainly a lot of this around, which definitely colored my perception. But basically, I had the opposite of this. My house was, and still is, a hundred-year old death trap; there is a surplus of holes in the ceiling and in the walls, exposed electrical wiring, creaking with every step, and no railing on the stairs. My only siblings are my four dogs, which are really more like shedding babies; they cry, pee and poop all over the house, and occasionally bite, but you love them anyways. And then there’s my parents†¦I won’t say too much because I don’t want to embarrass them, but let’s just say they’re not the Barbie and Ken couple previously described. It was truly traumatic in my eleven-year old eyes; in my â€Å"the world revolves around me† phase, I thought I was the weirdo of the town. In my mind I was just the girl who wouldn’t invite anybody over or the girl with the dad who looks like Jack Skeleton (completely self-afflicted, by the way). Now as I am trying to write an interesting college admissions essay, and I read samples about watching somebody die, and am denied certain scholarships because I have never been a golf caddy, I, for the first time, realize how utterly â€Å"normal† I am. Maybe I live in less-desirable home, but we can afford to take amazing trips to Germany to visit family. Maybe I don’t have a litter box trained cat or a little sister, but I have four energetic fluff-balls that will always comfort me when I’m sad. Maybe I don’t have a mom who will make me a 4 star breakfast in the morning, but at the end of the day, I know that I have two loving parents that will help me proof read this essay and will continue to support me.

May riots in indonesia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

May riots in indonesia - Research Paper Example It is worth noting that these named locations were strongholds of the Chinese community, who had developed fairly than other locals in business economically, and even established their homes around. Many believe that there was misleading information on the influencers of the riots, some accusing the government, military and elite groups’ involvement in the mass destruction to secure their interests. Other violent movements had been conducted as early as in 1965 among others minor cases worth mentioning, to the 1998 May riots, which was the peak of destruction that undermined the country’s reputation; however, all these incidences demonstrated the specific history of anti-Chinese sentiment and oppression in Indonesia. Thesis statement: The riots began as student peaceful movement protesting against the death of their fellow reformist, but later became politically motivated to force resignation of President Suharto. The violence of the riots intensified when the non-stude nts, young and poor people in the urban areas took advantage of the country’s situation to cause lootings, steer destruction and human violation against the rivaled Chinese community. The local Indonesian rioters rage highly impacted on Chinese ethnicity, their women being sexually assaulted and causing many of the locals and foreigners to leave or migrate. The political and economical instability led to the eruption of the riots, whose effects were later characterized as anti-Chinese action. Cause of the Riot In the month of May, the students had been protesting against the death of their fellow reformist and students, who generally hoped to have change considering the economical situation and the political climate that was unsuitable to steer the nation ahead. The Suharto regime was characterized by a lot of corruption and had been in power for thirty two years (Abrash pbs.org). In his position, the public interest was disregarded as he sought to show favourism towards his family and elite groups who were few, but very rich in the development over time. Apart from the potential Chinese businesses, his favorites had established growing businesses, which were believed to have steered the public anger over Suharto rule. Coincidentally, the gasoline price hike as a reform measure that was being implemented by the government, gave an opportunity for severe riots in major contested towns. The incident became serious when 6 of university students were shot dead in a Jakarta on 13 May, in a confrontation with the Indonesian security forces (â€Å"Refugee review† 3). On the same day, the riots spread across Medan, Solo, and Jakarta among other areas as the non-students or young urban men took control of the riots, while the students mourned the fall of their fellow students. As a result of the differences in the economy and power, the Chinese were the major scapegoat beside the minority elites and royal family. The demonstrating students from different universities later marched forth to the parliament building demanding the stepping down of President Suharto, which was later a success. Effects of 1998 Riots Chinese women rape: Following the Chinese community being the targeted group in the country, their women and female children risked being violated sexually in the times of the riots. The families therefore had an obligation to secure their women, even if it meant moving out of the country for their safety.

Concert Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Concert Report - Essay Example The band started off with hits like Heading off the Highway, Judas Rising and Starbreaker. But my personal favorites like Breaking the Law, Painkiller and Beyond the Realms of Death were performed towards the end, as they wanted to keep most of the crowd entertained. Breaking the Law is my all time favorite and deserves to be a rock anthem. It basically signifies what rock music is all about. It is about defying conventions and the status quo, and that you should not be afraid to be yourself (VH1.com). Scott Davis is the best drummer ever! The distinctive guitar riffs of both Glen and Richie accompanied by Rob’s vocals were a delight to hear in the cold midnight sky. Some fans even lit candles to celebrate the last concert we would hear from this great band. It was a nostalgic trip down history lane. You’ve Got Another Thing Coming and Living After Midnight wrapped up the show but I felt sad and awed to know that this was the last time I would ever see them live in the

Incident Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Incident - Essay Example In the case of Ada, she must show that someone's negligence caused her son's death and the injury she suffered to claim damages under tort. With regard to Bob's death, two parties can be found liable - Charles and the organizers of the Senley Regatta. Charles has a duty of care to Bob at sea to exercise due diligence in driving his boat just as drivers on the road have a duty of care to other cars, which he breached when he crossed Bob's lane without giving appropriate signals - an act which any boat driver must be aware of. This is evident in applying the "neighbour test" in Donoghue v Stevenson [1932]2 and the three stage test in Caparo Industries v Dickman [1990]3. The event organisers, on the other hand, are also liable because they have a duty of care towards its participants and spectators. This duty of care is analogous to that in Michael Watson v British Boxing Board of Control Ltd. [2001]4, where the differences in the facts of the case are immaterial because it is evident t hat the organisers in both events both failed to put safety measures to ensure the protection of its participants and spectators. ... the claimant must be sufficiently proximate both with its relationship to the victim and with the incident itself, such that it was witnessed by the claimant in person. This view was furthered in McLoughlin v. O'Brian [1983]6, where it is stated that damages can be awarded if the plaintiff "comes upon its immediate aftermath." In this respect, Ada her sufficiently proximate relationship with Bob, was neither present during the incident nor was she able to arrive immediately at the scene and experience its immediate aftermath. To claim damages, she must therefore illustrate that unlike the case of Alcock v. Chief Constable of the South Yorkshire Police [1992]7, where there were no "depicted suffering of recognizable individuals", the satellite feed she watched on television allowed her to recognise Bob's boat, not only because she was aware he was participating in the event, but also because she recognised his distinctively coloured boat, allowing her to see the suffering of a recogni sable individual. While this claim can be risky, because it departs from conventional interpretation, she has a good chance to claim damages for nervous shock, provided that she can illustrate the substantial differences of her case. With respect to Freddie, a fireman who suffered nervous shock after rescuing ten of the children in the pleasure cruiser two of whom died in the hospital, he cannot claim damages under tort of negligence for two reasons. First, even though the rescue doctrine in Wagner v International r.r. Co., (NY) [1921]8 , 9 and in Ogwo v Taylor [1987]10 makes Charles liable to the physical injuries that Freddie may suffer as a result of the rescue; Freddie was not rescuing Charles, but one of the students, who were victims of Charles' negligent act. Thus, this makes the

[Political Economy] Derive Classical theorist Marx vs. Smith view to Essay

[Political Economy] Derive Classical theorist Marx vs. Smith view to analyze current political issues. Choose a News (from WSJ) - Essay Example Moreover, Karl Marx is a renowned Communist while Adam Smith is associated with Classical ideologies. Therefore, adequate analysis of articles will sufficiently bring out the difference between the two theorists regarding current trends in the society. Moreover, the essay will assess the debate between the different classes of thought Marx and Smith represent. To reflect claims above, the article in wall street journal titled, Politics Counts: the Red/Blue Retail Divide approaches issues affecting the rapid expansion of United States economy. United States is a two party state, which comprises of Democrats and Republicans. This article replicates that consumption of goods and services from the party supporters differs greatly. Consumer subcultures has diversified so much that it threatens communal coexistence in the country. Democrats and Republicans have adopted different ways of shopping which if not curbed early will threaten mutual understanding. From this article, Marx and Smith ideologies clash. America is a democratic state so every civilian has a right to engage in activities wanted as long as it does not ruin stability in the country. Adam Smith emphasizes on free market whereas Marx articulates economy where a ruling class should not exploit the proletariats. From this, allowing the party supporters to shop differently will aggravate political animosity in the country. Smith argues that free trade leads to increased economic prosperity while on the other hand Marx argues that allowing free trade and competition will lead to exploitation of workers by employers rendering them powerless. Conversely, labor should be part of the final product and employers need to conquer to step up free competition, accompanied by a social and political constitution adapted in it, and the economic and political sway of the bourgeois class (Theriault 37). The Wall Street also carried out an article putting Some Facts in the Tax-the-Rich Debate. This article emphasizes on tax fairness between the rich and the poor. For economic stability, the rich should be taxed a higher amount than the poor civilians. However, this sparked a debate between political elites among them president Obama who seconded the idea. This article has created a clash between classical and liberal theorists. Smith propagates on political economy where he says both political and economic systems should be integrated together to achieve political stability. He bestows all powers to political elites and entrusts them the privilege to make policies governing economic activities. Marx’s ideologies are against political economy because it concentrates property and power to a few individuals, which leads to classes for instance propertied and propertyless .Taxing the rich more than the poor will reduce the gap between the propertied and the propertyless in the society therefore, economic development will improve enabling all people access goods and services. There are classes in the world whereby the oppressed struggles to free themselves from the oppressors that make society â€Å"a manifold gradation of social rank† (Marx 14). The Wall street journal carried an article, States Get Say in Health Law. President Obama’s administration changed health policies, which will screen insurers’ considerations when charging insurance covers. Employer groups praised

The Luxury Passenger Carrier Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Luxury Passenger Carrier - Case Study Example The company has decided to raise the average fare to $ 205. If the tax rate is 30 percent, how many passengers per month are needed to generate an after-tax profit of $ 750,000? Â  f. (Use original data). Springfield Express is considering offering a discounted fare of $ 120, which the company believes would increase the load factor to 80 percent. Only the additional seats would be sold at the discounted fare. Additional monthly advertising cost would be $ 180,000. How much pre-tax income would the discounted fare provide Springfield Express if the company has 50 passenger train cars per day, 30 days per month? Â  g. Springfield Express has an opportunity to obtain a new route that would be traveled 20 times per month. The company believes it can sell seats at $ 175 on the route, but the load factor would be only 60 percent. Fixed cost would increase by $ 250,000 per month for additional personnel, additional passenger train cars, maintenance, and so on. Variable cost per passenger would remain at $ 70. Â  Springfield Express should be sure that its forecasts are correct.

Northcentral's Expectation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Northcentral's Expectation - Research Paper Example Introduction It is important for the researchers to clearly differentiate and distinguish the quantitative research method and qualitative research method. In order to make sure that the research is properly carried out and the stated aim and objectives are fulfilled in effective and efficient manner, it is essential for the researcher to carefully select the research method. For this purpose, the researcher should be able to clearly distinguish the two research methods from each other. The qualitative research method is descriptive as it focus on depth and details, on the other hand quantitative research method is precise as it focus on the quantity. The research designs in the quantitative research method are more formal and use more numbers and statistics. Apart from this the quantitative research designs are designed for the statistical treatment and analysis. On the other hand, the qualitative research method and designs focus more on different informal sources like words, image s and other things. This in turn, allow the researcher to get hold of the topic being investigated on more personal level. It is also important to acknowledge here that some researchers often use a mix method approach in which both quantitative and qualitative research methods are used. ... For this purpose, researchers also take help from different statistical tests. The numbers are interpreted with the help of different mathematical and statistical techniques for example, mean, frequency, z-score test, and many other. In order to increase the generalization of the research study, there should be large amount of information or data. Researchers normally use different well structured questionnaires and surveys in order to gather quantitative data. Along with this the experimental studies are also common in order to identify and establish causal relationship between difference variables. These experiments are either performed in controlled setting or non controlled setting (Creswell, 2007). In order to come up with the problem statement in the quantitative research study it is first essential to identify different variables which includes confounding variables, covariates, mediating variables, dependent variable, independent variable, etc. Along with this in quantitative research study the researcher has to come up with different research questions and the related proposed hypothesis. The researcher should make sure that the research questions and hypothesis are formulated in such a manner that they are aligned with the problem statement of the research study. Hypotheses are only formulated in the quantitative research study or mix method research study. The quantitative research study focuses on exploring the direct relationship between two or more variables with the help of different tests and experiments. For this reason, in quantitative research studies and mix method research studies it is essential for the researcher to present the operational definition of the

Community Writing Part 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Community Writing Part 3 - Essay Example Security forces relate and interact with the community in one-on-one basis just like it should be the case under normal circumstances. However, through this interaction, the community is mobilized and actively involved in addressing crime concerns in the society. While this is a positive move for the entire society, security enforcers and the community included, complexities and problems emerge in relation to the effectiveness of this process. This paper is based on the argument that amid complexities and problems of community policing in fighting crime, community policing fundamentally addresses the interests of the entire society involved. In other words arguments for community involvement in fighting crime are presented, taking into account that the process is highly characterized by complexities and problems that are in most cases ignored. To enable the success of this process, stakeholders in community policing have to establish functional relations and interactions. One of the most fundamental points to capture is that the community contributes to the enhancement of its safety and security. The collaboration of the community with the security forces in the community makes this practice an outstanding phenomenon to employ in fighting crime. However, emerging issues in this line cannot be ignored. The key aspects that have to be captured in the evaluation and analysis of this topic are: motivating factors in the involvement of the community in fighting crime, the design and structure of community policing practices, influencing variables that enhance community-police collaboration, the functionality basis of community policing in addressing crime concerns, the flow of information from one party to another, the applicable laws in the legal system, the extent of success in integrating community in fighting crime, and the complexities and problems encountered in the process. These are some of the many aspects that revolve around community policing

Free

Freedom of Speech Essay Hindi is the most commonly spoken language in India. It is the fifth most spoken language in the world with about 182 million native speakers in 1998. The script used in writing Hindi is DevanÄ garÄ «. More than 180 million people in India regard Hindi as their mother tongue. Another 300 million use it as second language. Outside of India, Hindi speakers are 100,000 in USA; 685,170 in Mauritius; 890,292 in South Africa; 232,760 in Yemen; 147,000 in Uganda; 5,000 in Singapore; 8 million in Nepal; 20,000 in New Zealand; 30,000 in Germany. Urdu, the official language of Pakistan, spoken by about 41 million in Pakistan and other countries, is essentially the same language Literature in Hindi languages (Hindi: à ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ¿Ã  ¤ ¨Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¦Ã  ¥â‚¬ à ¤ ¸Ã  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ ¹Ã  ¤ ¿Ã  ¤ ¤Ã  ¥ Ã  ¤ ¯) includes literature in the various Central Zone Indo-Aryan languages which have writing systems. It is broadly classified into four prominent forms (styles) based on the date of production. They are; * Vir-Gathas (poems extolling brave warriors) – 11th–14th century * Bhakti era poems (devotional poems) – 14th–18th century * Riti or Srngar poems (poems of romance) – 18th–20th century * Adhunik literature (modern literature) – 20th century onwards The literature was produced in dialects such as Braj, Bundeli, Awadhi, Kannauji, Khariboli, Marwari, Angika, Vajjika, Maithili, Magahi and Bhojpuri.[1] From 20th century, works produced in Standard Hindi, a register of Hindustani, is sometimes regarded as the only basis of modern literature in Hindi.[2] Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, is a standardised and sanskritised register of the Hindustani language (Hindi-Urdu) that is associated with the Hindu religion. Hindustani is the native language of people living in Delhi, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northeastern Madhya Pradesh, and parts of eastern Rajasthan,[4] and Hindi is one of the official languages of India Hindi literature is broadly divided into four prominent forms or styles, being Bhakti (devotional – Kabir, Raskhan); Shringar (beauty – Keshav, Bihari); Veer-Gatha (extolling brave warriors); and Adhunik (modern). Medieval Hindi literature is marked by the influence of Bhakti movement and the composition of long, epic poems. It was not written in the current dialect but in other Hindi languages, particularly in Avadhi and Braj Bhasha, but later also in Khariboli. During the British Raj, Hindustani became the prestige dialect. Hindustani with heavily Sanskritized vocabulary or Sahityik Hindi (Literary Hindi) was popularized by the writings of Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Bhartendu Harishchandra and others. The rising numbers of newspapers and magazines made Hindustani popular among the educated people. Chandrakanta, written by Devaki Nandan Khatri, is considered the first authentic work of prose in modern Hindi. The person who brought realism in the Hindi prose literature was Munshi Premchand, who is considered as the most revered figure in the world of Hindi fiction and progressive movement. The Dwivedi Yug (Age of Dwivedi) in Hindi literature lasted from 1900 to 1918. It is named after Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, who played a major role in establishing the Modern Hindi language in poetry and broadening the acceptable subjects of Hindi poetry from the traditional ones of religion and romantic love. In the 20th century, Hindi literature saw a romantic upsurge. This is known as Chhayavaad (shadowism) and the literary figures belonging to this school are known as Chhayavaadi. Jaishankar Prasad, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, Mahadevi Varma and Sumitranandan Pant, are the four major Chhayavaadi poets. Uttar Adhunik is the post-modernist period of Hindi literature, marked by a questioning of early trends that copied the West as well as the excessive ornamentation of the Chhayavaadi movement, and by a return to simple language and natural themes.

The Modernist Theater’s Departure from the Romantic Theater Essay Example for Free

The Modernist Theater’s Departure from the Romantic Theater Essay From the early theater of the Greeks to Broadway, theater had definitely evolved to one of the most accepted and highly communicated form of art. After all, everything is subject to change, the world of theater is no exception. The theater that we know today had undergone heavy changes. In those stages of changes, it had seemed that just after a type of theater has been accepted by the public, another type of theater will arise. It also seems that the following type of theater intentionally digresses from its predecessor just like in the case of the shift from theater of the Romantic period to the Modernist Theater. Much of the theater that our generation experiences (this type of theater can be categorized as post-modern) owes much from Modernist Theater. With that taken into account, Modern theater also owes much from its forerunner Romantic Theater even though Modern Theater intentionally defies the convention set by the theater of the Romantic period. To start off, we will have a brief background of the kind of theater in the Romantic period. The Romantic period followed after period Neoclassical had receded. Perhaps the best and concise way of theater of the Romantic period could be described is with the name of probably one greatest playwright that had ever written, William Shakespeare. He is considered as an immortal in the world of literature simply because his works are still the most popular of plays even if it has been generations since he had wrought it. Other famous playwrights during this time are Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Friedrich Schiller, and Victor Hugo among many others. They plays of William Shakespeare and his fellow playwrights during the Romantic period are usually written in poetic language. This poetic language could also be called as â€Å"elevated language† that is seemingly too complicated to be used in conversations of our generation. The plays during this time were mostly plot driven. The theater of the Romantic period is often criticized as appealing more to the emotion and not to the intellect. It is also a convention that the characters of the plays were of noble status in the society. The plays were designed to be long that they could run for several long acts. Moreover, one their theater many practices is having the audiences distributed within the theater according to the amount that they had paid. (Kermode 2005) All of those conventions and practices were intentionally defied by the Modernist Theater. The language that they used is prosaic, imitating the way people normally speak in casual conversations. The plays are also centering on the characters themselves rather than the plot. Modernist Theater also gave way to the rise of one-act plays that would run for just minutes as opposed to hours in Romantic plays. The plays of Modernist Theater is appealing more to the intellect rather than the emotion, thus they can be called intelligent plays. The seats for the audience are fashioned in such way that there will be no marginalization of the poor and the rich. That is because Modernists wanted to have what they call a â€Å"classless† theater. Aside from the direct deviations from the Romantic Theater, Modernists also gave way for revolutions in the theater world. They had formulated plots that can be considered contemporary so the audience could relate more to the play. Modernists Theater also gave way to a new kind of conflict for plays that they call as â€Å"inner conflict. † (Wainscott 1997) All in all, the Modernist Theater had surfaced because (just like how the Romantic period had replaced the Neoclassical period) the context of theater in general is changed through time. The times are changing and so are the demands of the new audience. Modernist Theater had defied the theater of the Romantic period not because the former has no respect to the latter. It just because some things are not fitting anymore, and the new generations requires changes. Reference Kermode, F. 2005. The Age of Shakespeare. Random House Publishing Group: Ontario Wainscott, R. H. 1997. The Emergence of the Modern American Theater, 1914-1929. Yale University Press

History Of The Body Area Networks

History Of The Body Area Networks Abstract In the recent few years there is tremendous advancement especially in the field of integration circuit, small sensors and in the wireless networks.in body area networks (BANs) these devices considerably suitable for integrating in any scenario like health monitoring , in sport, and even in military prospective due to its considerable light weight , low power, and sensing capability. BANs provide cheap, reliable, and scalable system for monitoring daily activities for short to long period of time. But still there are a number of challenges issues like integration of devices, system designing according to the user scenario, security and privacy of the data, modification and social issues must be resolved in order for BANs to become ubiquitous. In our report we discus BANs background, its applications, and relationship. Introduction BANs (Body Area Networks) is a combination of micro and advanced Nano technology components for to improve the speed and accuracy of data recording. Generally BANs consist of small but sensitive sensors and actuators for monitoring and log data, then data sent to base station for storage. Users can access to this data in base station via internet or by other mean. BANs are actually a modern invention and primarily design for health industry (doctor and other staff) to monitor the health status. By taking the benefit of this technology we can monitor much more closely patients with chronic diseases like, asthma and diabetes. Doctor update the patients record quickly and efficiently to store general information of patients health. In United States and other part of Europe, they made different pilot programs to monitoring patients health status. They introduced bracelet with chips and antennas that can used to follow the patient position. They attached antennas on patient cloths to track him in the hospital and it send alert when he begins to collapse. A company is currently working on a project Healthy Aims [1] which focused on body devices that helps millions of people. Body Area Networks take low power radio frequencies (RF) and transfer the data of patients in real time. Doctors are able to monitor and change the setting for specific deployed devices on the body to improve the performance devices as well patient health. Pacemaker devices was produce 1960s have to endure pain and stress of surgery because it setup as a part of the body and send the patient health situation to RF transceiver, where it send directly to the doctor. This time interval always up to date the doctor about patient. By BANs Doctor an d his staff can access to patient record at any time so they dont need to visit the patient or patient dont need to visit the clinic, it is a good method in prospective of save time and money by visiting the clinic many time during the month or weeks. BANs is extremely compact and may be complex by its design, but as the sensor devices are very unassertive and a patient will be able to live a normal life. All sensors have same controlable mechanism like same element, power supply, and wireless transceivers. But they are design in such method that they can self-govern for the entire life [2]. They are designed for the measurement of temperature, movement, and location. Sensor and actuator implanted inside the body and they interact wirelessly each others in BANs and process data is transmitted from implanted devices to external devices. Mechanism of a actuator is like environmental agent. In BANs the data passes through sensor to sensor then sent to it base station where it can be transmitted to recipient via internet. 2 Body Area Networks History History about the body area network is not so old to go back many years to find out some material about BANs, taking advantages of some tiny useful technology in this sense is a new and unique idea. A number of different groups was work on PAN(personal area network) in Massachusett Institute of technology and that later grew out of the work on 1990s. The group actually wanted to get the information by interconnect different appliance on the body and to measure the position of the body by using electric field sensor. The main head for developing Personal Area Networks was Thomas G. Zimmerman. He introduces the new technology that allows the body to act like conductor. There was another name Neil Gershenfeld in that field who was in the Massachusett Institute of technology, incharged of the Media and Physics group. He and his group applied a method near -field coupling to solve the problem of determine the accurate position and its relationship with other parts, by fixing pairs of ante nnas on body part for example elbow and hand, and then run an electric current through them. They learned that as one move the capacitance of the circuit was charged. So they determine the exact position of the antennas after measuring the capacitance. There was a problem in the measurement method that the measurement was no longer accurate if hand was placed between the antennas but it was solved by the Zimmerman. There was actually another group working in the Media lab asked them to develop a network such that all electric gadgets that a person can carry are connected together. Many people carried digital devices around thereself but no one communicate to other.For example a person who has a mobile phone, a pager, a PDA or a digital watch mean all about his person at the same time. They both Zimmerman and Gershenfeld learned that, they can represent 1 or 0s, if they modulated the electric field which flowing through a person body,and allowing the body to carry digital information. At the end they discovered that if they used frequency and power that kept very low then the signal will not propagate far beyond the body. It mean that if devices could detect the signal on the body. This used of current at very low or small amount was unnoticed by anyone before. 2.1 Body Area Network Applications There are many possible application for communication like in the hospital, in patients monitoring system at home (post-operative care), use in a large scale throughout the world. There is also a list of BANs usages in various field like in sport, military, mesh, and in sport fields. Body Area Network Sports Applications In the present sporting arena many different readings are possible to take without having an athlete on a treadmill in a laboratory. It provide the platform to measure various levels during different competition in real life, for example in race, where coaches, need his pi athletes strengths and weaknesses. Body Area Mesh Network Applications The body area network consist of low-power and very reliable sensor networking. The low power usage allows longer life Batteries of motes or Gateways. The mesh network provides high reliability and long range communication. Mesh Networking is much more reliable and much capable of data sending Body Area Network Medical Applications Body Area Networks (BANs) can be used to provide interfaces for diagnostics purposes, in the hospital they used for administration of drugs, aid rehabilitation, and for remotely monitoring human physiological data. And for future prospective in hospital or at home it is used for monitoring the patient continuously and give required medication. So by this way patient need no more in the hospital with connected machines for monitoring. Body Area Network Military Applications Body Area Network has done a tremendous job in the military. So many of the military applications that we can use includes, their locations, health monitoring, their temperature and hydration levels, also very useful to enhance the strength, and many more factors for military prospective. 2.2 Body Area Network Devices 2.2.1 Body Area Network Sensors With rapid improvements in medical research, more and more health sensors have been developed to assist caregivers in monitoring their patients conditions. These sensors have been getting smaller, making it possible for the sensors to be worn or to be implanted into the human body. 2.2.2 Body Area Network Actuators The most significant products by any company would be the actuators. we can express an actuator as a device that transforms or converts energy into motion. Also applied as a force, an actuator usually is a mechanical apparatus that takes energy, normally constructed by liquid, air, or electricity, and converts that into a specific kind of motion. This particular product that would help build effective engineering designs in a safe and efficient manner and easily implemented anywhere according to the requirement. [3] 2.2.3 Body Area Network Devices usages Two main non-computer devices (sensors and actuators) can be used in BANs network. The main function of sensors are to measure human body parameters like temperature, electrocardiogram, heart beats rates and the pressure on the joints, These can be taken insidly or outsidely of the human body. Whereas Actuators have some particular action like to get the information received by the sensors and do work on instruction given by web or PDA. They are as following For monitoring muscle activity we can use an EMG (electromyography) sensor . For monitoring brain electrical activity we can use An EEG (electroencephalography) sensor. For monitoring trunk position we can use tilt sensor (TS). For monitoring respiration we can use breathing sensors. For monitoring heart activity we can use ECG (electrocardiogram) sensor. A sensor for blood pressure. To estimate a users activity we used movement sensors (MS). Description: http://www.sintef.no/upload/BAN.jpg Fig 2: A BAN on an Athlete : http://www.sintef.no/home/Information-and-Communication-Technology-ICT/Instrumentation/Biomedical-Instrumentation/Body-Area-Networks/ . 2.3 Body Area Networking Before implementing the Body Area Network, a number of networking issues need to be solved. In this interferences when a node sends data (after processing) directly to central devices there is direct communication that might causes unnecessary rises of temperature in the tissues, there is another way data is sent through intermediate nodes to the destination by multihop communication. The data might pass to other nodes to the way to PDA if node attached to foot, that mean that at the same time the number of data pathways night exist in the same tissues. Node are like routers but it eliminate internal interference and more energy efficient. In PANs communication IEEE 802.15 standard used which basically sure that all group devices in the design of BANs should work with all togather. 2.4 Body Area Network Software UC Berkley in California is developed Tiny OS (Operating System) which is an open sourse operating system in used wireless embedded sensor network.OS is extremely small in sense of memory and code writing which make it suitable for sensor network where they use minimum memory. The search is going on by using this tiny OS in sensor networks to measure some extra ordinary work . For examples sensor networks that are used to monitor volcanic eruptions and tracking/tracing (for help purposes) of fire fighters in buildings. There is a another option available that is toolkit of MSR network embedded sensors that allow user to perform different actions like process the data, collect data, and also visualise data from sensor network. The search is still going on so let us see which development OS or MSR come fist but till yet both available for free download. 3. Challenges of Body Area Networks (BANs) Body Area Networks (BANs) consists of tiny sensor that actually placed around the body (attached on the skin or on the cloths), which take power from attached battery or from body. In BANs all the nodes communicate collectively to the central node (PDA) or other devices which are connected to the internet so data pass through to a particular person or to a particular application. There are a numbers of challenges still in BANs networks which must be overcome by engineer, they are as following: Power sources of life timer needs to be increased in the sensors networks (SN), or adopt different methods to get energy from other sources like body heat so it also should be perfected. The interaction of the different sensors or nodes and the main node like PDA, that should be designed in such a way that it allow some specialist applications to be written to perform particular functions for example disease management. The device needs to be intelligence in sense of memory and processing capabilities for processing, storing and transferring the data. To give a full and clear picture of human physiology, Sensor need to be integrated Physically, Chemically, and Biologically and the BAN components integrated for reliable and cost effective way. 3. Body Area Network User Cases . Body Area Networks (BANs) technology actually develop biomedical engineering according to the natural byproduct of existing sensors. Actually this technology is suitable for any scenario by its low bound of power and bandwidthHowever,there are many potential to use BAN technology due to its flexibility that is as following, Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) Integration of different mobile devices Different personal video devices (VD) Audio system of wireless (WS). Monitoring system for sport and fitness. Each case have unique requirement in term of bandwidth, power usage, signal distance and for latency. These cases use IEEE 802.15 standard which is use for different working group in wireless personal area networks (WPANs). So they think to use this standard within different devices for inside and around the body.And later they develop the standard for BANs and introduces a long range of possible devices to support this standard. For power balance and data rate the task group gave applications and appropriate devices for development. The figure below describe the comparison between power load and data rate in BANs. Fig (1) comparison between data rate and power.[1] In the above picture as we can see the range of different devices which can be used in BANs in comparison of power consumption and data rate. The table below also give us a full picture of devices that conform to work in a similar set of requirement, according to the demand of user case, yet still encompass a wide range and variety of devices Network setup time (Per device setup time excludes network initialization) Network Density 2 4 nets / m2 Startup Time Power Consumption ~1 mW / Mbps Network Size Max: 100 devices / network Latency (end to end) 10 ms Distance 2 m standard 5 m special use Effective sleep modes Operation in global, license-exempt band Effective sleep modes Peer to Peer, and Point to Multi-point communication Future proof Upgradeable, scaleable, backwards compatible Quality of Service Guaranteed Bandwidth Latency (end to end) [1] http://www1.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-08/ftp/ban/index.html 6. Zigbee wireless sensor technology ZigBee is the specification of a low-cost, low-power wireless communications solution design to fulfil the needs and requirement of our architecture. ZigBee is of high level Communication protocols using small, low power digital radios bases on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area Networks (WPANs). The Zigbee protocol standard contains the specifications of the network layer (NWK) and application layer (APL). Inside the application layer, functions are defined separately as the application support sub-layer (APS), the Zigbee device objects (ZDO), the Zigbee device profile (ZDP), the application framework (AF), and Zigbee security services. The comparisons of ISO OSI, TCP/IP, and ZigBee/802.15.4 are shown in the fig below: Fig 6.1.1 Zigbee with OSI Layers. Zigbee builds upon the physical layer and medium access control defined in IEEE standard 802.15.4 (2003 version) for low-rate WPANs. The specification goes on to complete the standard by adding four main components: network layer, application layer, Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) and manufacturer-defined application objects which allow for customization and favor total integration. Besides adding two high-level network layers to the underlying structure, the most significant improvement is the introduction of Zigbee device objects (ZDOs). These are responsible for a number of tasks, which include keeping of device roles, management of requests to join the architecture network, device discovery and security. Fig 6.1.2 Zigbee stack. 4. System Capability Requirements The characteristics of sensor networks and requirements of different applications have a vital role on the network design objectives in terms of network capabilities and network performance. The main design objectives for sensor networks include the following several aspects. Small Node Size:- Reducing node size is one of the primary design objectives of sensor networks. Reducing node size can facilitate node deployment, and also reduce the cost and power consumption of sensor nodes. Low Node Cost:- Reducing node cost is another primary design objective of sensor networks. It is important to reduce the cost of sensor nodes so that the cost of the whole network is reduced. Low Power Consumption:-Power is a major role in any System prospective. Reducing power consumption is the most important objective in the design of a sensor network. Since sensor nodes are powered by battery and it is often very difficult to change their batteries, it is crucial to reduce the power consumption of sensor nodes so that the lifetime of the sensor nodes, as well as the whole network is prolonged. Self Healing:-In sensor networks, sensor nodes are usually deployed in a region of interest without careful planning and engineering. Once deployed, sensor nodes should be able to autonomously organize themselves into a communication network and reconfigure their connectivity in the event of topology changes and node failures. Scalability:-In sensor networks, the number of sensor nodes may be on the order of tens, hundreds, or thousands. Thus, network protocols designed for sensor networks should be scalable to different network sizes. Adaptability:-In sensor networks, a node may fail, join, or move. This result changes in node density and network topology. Thus, network protocols designed for sensor networks should be adaptive to such density and topology changes. Reliability:-For many sensor network applications, it is required that data be reliably delivered over wireless channels. To meet this requirement, network protocols designed for sensor networks must provide error control and correction mechanisms to ensure reliable data delivery. Fault Tolerance:-Sensor nodes should be fault tolerant and have the abilities of self testing, self calibrating, self -repairing, and self recovering. Security:- Sensor nodes are deployed in a hostile environment and thus are vulnerable to adversaries. In such situations, a sensor network should introduce effective security mechanisms to prevent the data information in the network or a sensor node from unauthorized access or malicious attacks. 5. Research Pappers. A number of major operations on Mobilehealth are being conducting all over the world especially in European countries like Sweden, Germany, Spain, and Netherland. It is used to monitor a limited range of condition in patient outside the hospital by the medical personnel. Germany: Telemonitoring of patients with cardiac arrhythmia. The Netherlands: Integrated homecare for women with high-risk pregnancies, Tele trauma team. Spain: Support of home based healthcare services, Outdoor patient rehabilitation. Sweden: Lighthouse alarm and locator trial, Physical activity and impediments to activity for women with RA, Monitoring the vital parameters in patients with respiratory insuffiency, Homecare and remote consultation for recently released patients in a rural area. [3] http://www.mobihealth.org/ But a number of different issues arose as a result of these trials like handover, operator errors, data rate fluctuation, and the most common issue of power supplies insufficient. There are also some other issues like privacy and security (For instance, will the data that is being transferred remain private or is it secure), control and legal issues (may someone send false information to the network ) regarding BANs. If someone tell it to perform some dangerous function like make a patient warm or overdose, or is this legal to inform someone like companies that are interesting about its work weather he/she has weak heart or having any kind of disease in advanced BANs. Lastly some imported functions are operated and controlled by the computer that can be damage or stop working at any stage and the actuators that regulated the flow of certain chemical in the body stop then who is responsible, so these issues need to be address before BANs applied in the daily life routine.

Outbreak of the Marburg Virus :: History Journal Medical Essays

Report from Uige Province I have now been working in Angola as a medical relief agent for three months. It is only recently that people have started talking about a possible outbreak of the Marburg virus here in the Uige Province in Northern Angola. We fear the worst as this disease, a deadly but rare hemorrhagic fever related to the Ebola virus, has many similar symptoms to other infectious diseases such as Malaria or typhoid fever making it difficult to diagnose. After incubating for five to twenty-one days, the disease comes on swiftly with symptoms such as fever, chills, muscular tenderness and headache.1 The fifth day of infection is marked by the appearance of discolored spots and raised bumps around the chest, stomach and back area. Other symptoms at this stage include vomiting, chest pains, nausea, and diarrhea.2 These symptoms quickly become more severe resulting in jaundice, severe weight loss, inflammation of the pancreas, shock, liver failure, and multi-organ dysfunction3. Typically lasting 3-9 days, if a person does survive this period, the recovery process is prolonged, oftentimes marked with recurrent hepatitis, inflammation of the spinal cord, eyes, and parotid gland, transverse myelitis, and orchitis.4 This is worrisome, as in the region where I am currently working there is little room in the local hospital and very limited funds. If the outbreak grows it can only cause more fatalities due to our lack of resources. As of now, only sporadic cases have been reported since the last Marburg virus outbreak in Druba, in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 19985. We can only hope for limited spread of infection, as there is no cure or vaccine for this deadly virus. December 17th, 2004 As of now, there have been 34 reported cases of what might be the Marburg virus and 34 deaths thus resulting in a 100% fatality rating. Currently the outbreak here in Angola is the worst epidemic of any kind of hemorrhagic fever and is continuing to infect as the number of cases increases around 3% each day.6 Fortunately WHO, the World Health Organization, has sent operatives to investigate if, in fact, the virus that is spreading is the Marburg virus and not another hemorrhagic virus. The whole staff at the hospital is becoming nervous, as we are particularly vulnerable to infection.

Cell Division & Cell Cycle Study Guide :: essays research papers

CELL DIVISION Cell division involves 2 phases: 1- MITOSIS The process by which nuclear material is divided 2 identical daughter cells result 2- CYTOKINESIS the process by which the cytoplasm and its contents (organelles) separate into equal parts. cytokinesis begins before mitosis is complete cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells ANIMAL CELLS the cell membrane pinches near the middle of the cell, dividing the cytoplasm into equal parts(2 new cells) PLANT CELLS a cell plate develops across the centre of the cell, creating a new cell wall between the 2 new cells Cells alternate between stages (phases) of dividing and not dividing. This sequence is called the cell cycle. The 2 major phases of the CELL CYCLE are: 1- DIVISION PHASE During this phase the cell undergoes mitosis (nuclear division) There are 4 phases of mitosis: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 2- INTERPHASE During this phase, the cell takes in nutrients and builds proteins that are used by the cell for energy Chromosomes duplicate (DNA replication) This is the period of growth and repair for the cell (in preparation for the division phase) THE CELL CYCLE CELL CYCLE: the continuous process of mitosis, cell division, and interphase. HOW CELL GETS READY FOR MITOSIS Nucleus makes a copy of its chromatin(replication) Chromatin coils into double stranded chromosomes joined in the middle by a centromere 2 sets of DNA are bundled together nucleus is ready for mitosis to begin. Animal cell division: cell membrane pinches near the middle of the cell, dividing the cytoplasm into 2 new cells Plant cell division: a cell plate develops across the centre of the cell, forming a new cell wall between the 2 cells Original cellïÆ'  , parent cell New cellsïÆ'  , daughter cells # of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell is identical to eachother and to the number in the original cell Why must nuclear membrane break down in mitosis? So that the contents of the cell can divide. The NUCLEUS controls the process of mitosis. REGENERATION: repair of injured cells or the making of lost body parts Normal Cell Replacement: cells die when they receive instruction to do so when they are no longer needed

The Internet Wont Put an End to the Diversity of Style in Composition

The Internet Won't Put an End to the Diversity of Style in Composition From 1982, when the term â€Å"Internet† was first used, until today, over 520 million users have gained access to the Internet.[1] This gigantic leap in Internet usage suggests that in the coming years, even more people will be able to view material online. As more people continue to gain access, others will want to post their creations online with a greater frequency, allowing a wider range of viewers to see their work. Will this increase in compositions being made available on the Internet, however, lead to homogeneity of style? This is not at all the case. Assuming that diversity of style existed before the rise of the Internet, even as Internet usage continues to grow, the diversity of style in composition will continue to exist. To begin with, what is style, and what are compositions? Webster’s Dictionary defines style as â€Å"manner of expression in language; characteristic manner of expression, design, etc. in any art, period, etc.†[2] To make things easier, this paper will simply say that style is the particular way that one expresses oneself. Compositions are creations, especially those of literary, musical, or artistic works. The last two terms are important to remember, as many of those claiming that diversity of style is ending pay attention only to compositions created on instant messengers and chat rooms, devices which are text-based.[3] For now, however, a concentration will be made upon a claim of homogeneity brought upon by the dominance of American culture. Jonathan Rick asserts that â€Å"American culture has infiltrated even the most remote areas of the world.†[4] This contention cannot be denied. American cultural icons such as M... ...Rick, 1. [5] http://www.amnh.org/ and http://www.louvre.fr/index.html, respectively [6] Dibble, 4 [7] 544.2 million people [8] ComputerScope Ltd. Bibliography American Museum of Natural History. http://www.amnh.org/. Dibble, Chris. â€Å"Does the Internet entail an end to the cultural and historical diversity of style in composition?† 22 April 2002. http://www.duke.edu/~cfd3/essays/style.htm. The Louvre Museum. http://www.louvre.fr/index.html. Nua Internet How Many Online. February 2002. ComputerScope Ltd. http://www.nua.ie/surveys/how_many_online/ Rick, Jonathan. â€Å"Does the Internet entail an end to the cultural and historical diversity of style in composition?† 27 March 2002. http://www.duke.edu/~jhr4/writing20/essays/essay2.pdf. â€Å"Style.† Webster’s New World Compact School and Office Dictionary. 3rd College Edition, 1994.

Health Care Challenges Memo Essay

There are many challenges that happen within the health care field. The most important is protecting the patient’s personal information and who is able to access this information. The National Health Information Network (NHIN) was formed to help improve upon the sharing of health care data. This was to help link data together for all involved to keep data secure when transferring over the internet. Within a health care organization a Hierarchy information system is used. This offers ease of network expansion and alteration for desktops used to be able to access necessary data. Both local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN) are used in within the organization. Two or more LANs are connected by a hub. The LAN is connected from different areas to form an internetwork. Within the health care field it is important that protected health information (PHI) is kept protected. There are measures that need to be taken to ensure that there are no unauthorized usages of this typ e of information. The HIPAA standards must be followed at all times whether it is administrative or patient care departments. Physical safeguards are in place to protect the hardware and facilities that store PHI. The facility that houses the health IT is housed has limited physical access to authorized personal only. There are restrictions on workstations to have access with PHI. The health IT system has safeguards built in to protect health information and to be able to control of access to it. Measures are set to limit access of information. Steps are taken to encrypt, and decrypt information being transmitted electronically to guard against unauthorized access of the information. In order for the organization to have control over who access the information steps need to be taken to protect patient data from being stolen. To do this users have a unique user identification protocols, automatic logoff, emergency access steps, and encryption and decryption mechanisms. Audit  controls need to be used to check activity of the IT system. Authentication of the entity or person that is attempting to access the information is a must to do. Transmission security of PHI that is being transmitted through the network needs to be protected. References Health Information: Management of a Strategic Resource (4th Ed.) (Abdelhak, Grostick, & Hanken) How Do I Ensure Security in Our System? (n.d). Retrieved from www.hrsa.gov/healthit/toolbox/HIVAIDSCAREtoolbox/SecurityAnd†¦

Marketing Excellence: BMW Essay

? 1. What ar the pros and cons to BMWs selective rear marketing? What has the firm d wizard easily over the years and where could it improve? When I see someone riding in a BMW, I know that they must(prenominal) be making good specie. The emboss for people who drive BMWs is that they atomic number 18 rich, and these ar the people that the people over at BMW target. The pros to targeting the higher income community is that they impart be targeting people who are to a greater extent promising to purchase their product.Since BMW is kn testify as a luxury car, people who score turn away incomes are less likely to purchase from them. The cons to the selective marketing are that by not advertising to start income people, they have nothing to be actuate for. Someone could see a BMW ad, and be motivated to one day own one. Since the market is specific all(prenominal)y the wealthier incomes, the lower income population may not be as aware of BMW. I see commercials for Mercede s all of the time now, and I know that I cant afford one yet.As soon as Im able too, I invention on making it a antecedence to purchase a Mercedes. The firm has do a great job of up(a) its vehicles over the years. They have added so more electronic features to its cars to stay up to visualize with technology. BMW also has come out with superior SUVs for people with larger families and who are more active. To improve, I would suggest that they maybe create a model for the lower income population. Considering the majority of the population is middle-class or lower, there is a whole untapped market for BMW to reach. 2.BMWs sales slipped during the widely distributed recession in 2008 and 2009. Is its segmentation dodging too selective? Why or why not? I would point that their strategy is not too selective. During the recession, everybody struggled. So to blame BMW for their strategy that had made them so successful in the first place would not be fair. I recall that their strategy couldve actually helped them during that time. Since BMW is so selective, they are only targeting people that have money anyways. So money that they spend on advertising wasnt necessarily organism wasted.

The nature of work

IntroductionThe nature of go bad is altering at whirlwind velocity. Job wildness is delimitate as the harmful physical and emotional responses that turn over when the demands of the pedigree do non fit the capablenesss, resources, or demands of the role player harmonizing to the National Institute for Occupational natural rubber and health ( NIOSH ) . This type of fury strong point out larn to vile wellness and hurt. extend is a misfit between a practiceer s demands and capablenesss, and what the practice say offers and demands. The National health and Safety Commission ( NOHSC ) identified accent as the most momentant mental danger in the execution buns, impacting both kind and physical wellbeing of people. take a crap-related strain is the natural reaction of people to being locate under intense force per unit of measurement subject field at practise over a plosive of clip. Some people atomic number 18 motivated by the ch eachenges that their short letter demands and when get the disclose ofing those ch ei at that placenges in that location is a sense of relaxation and achievement. It is when the force per unit athletic field of croak demands becomes utmost and str etceteraed out, that people see that there is a affect to their well-being or involvements and that is so they commencement ceremony to be subjected to unpleasant emotions such as fright, choler or anxiousness. Stress is non a sickness or hurt, but it fucking stimulate to mental and physical ailment wellness. Stress is one of the major OHS issues facing pass awayers in Australian computeplaces. The ACTU conducted a body of usage in 1997 receiving over 12,000 responses that showedOne in quatern people took clip off cod to underscore at work.The most nerve-racking conditions at work reported were forethought issues including engage of communicating and earshot increased work load fundamental lawal variety and restructuring and crease ins ecurity.A scope of symptoms including concerns, continual fatigue, choler, and wakefulness.Over half of the respondents nominated better cathexis, including more than communicating and audience, as a outcome to mark at work. Other solutions admitd slight workload, public presentation monitoring, better work organization, more preparation, occupation security, and better calling chances.Stressors ar events or fortunes that lead to person feeling that physical or psychological demands argon about to transcend his or her ability to get by. There be boniface types of stressors. These stressors give the sack be because of the type of occupation such as displacement work and menace of force. separate stressor provide originate because of the way of life the occupation is organized, this flush toilet entangle physical factors ( inordinate heat, cold, noise ) and physiologic factors that substructure impact the organic structure s balance ( shift work, un equal restorativ e clip, etc. ) . Stressors abide construction because of the unrea disputationic dead drags because inordinate work demands. They can besides develop because of personal factors ( wellness position, relationships, get bying with to a great extent state of affairss ) .SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSStress is a obscure issue and no both persons exit be change in the same manner. Stress can be thought of as a pail theoretical account. The pail theoretical account suggests that violence and weariness while when a individual s reservoir of personal resiliency is drained prompt than it is replenished. Interesting work, supportive relationships, and good wellness come across full the pail, and hard on the calling conditions, emotionally run outing work, extra work, and troubles at place can run out the pail. Some attach and symptoms that one needs to watch out for if they start to experience stressed is that employees feel dying and their nip rate velocities up because of the deficiency of tame over the work load sums. There ar physical, psychological and behavioural symptoms that directors or anyone in control of the organisation needs to be cognizant of. The physical symptoms include concerns, tummy jobs, eating up roachs, sleep perturbations, weariness, and chronic flabby unwellness. The psychological and behavioural symptoms include anxiousness, crossness, low-spirited morale, depression, intoxicant and drug usage, and isolation from colleagues. If employees are exposed to these stressors for capacious periods of clip they can turn into chronic wellness jobs. The physical conditions can progress into high up smear force per unit area, tenderness disease, shot, diabetes, asthma, and insubordinate body disfunction. The psychological and behavioural symptoms can come on to secure depression, self-destructive behaviour, domestic force, intoxicant and consequence maltreatment and burnout.SOURCES/CAUSES OF JOB STRESSHarmonizing to Aetna, there is one coach of idea, differences in ripplele features such as constitution and get bying with manner are the most of import in foretelling whether certain occupation conditions leave ensue in fierceness in other words, what is nerve-racking for one individual may non be a job for person else. There are different occupation conditions that may take to emphasize. These occupation conditions include design of under victoriouss, direction manner, interpersonal relationships, work functions, calling concerns, and surroundingsal conditions. The design of the undertaking is anything that provides menial sense of control to the employee, heavy work load, and recollective work hours, feverish and everyday undertakings that confine nice built-in significance. Another occupation lieu that leads to emphasize is the manner of direction. The direction manner could be due to hapless communicating in the organisation, deficiency of family-friendly policies, and a deficiency of utilisation b y role players in finish devising. Interpersonal relationship can do an employee emphasis because of the undermentioned possible factors hapless societal environment and a deficiency of support from coworkers and supervisors. Having also umteen work functions is another occupation status that could do an employee emphasis. This can go on when the employee is cook oning too many a(prenominal) chapeaus, safekeeping excessively much duty, or un genuine occupation outlooks. Another occupation status that can do emphasis to an employee is career concerns. The deficiency of occupation insecurity, chance for growing, or rapid modifications in which the workers are unprepared. The last occupation status that can do emphasis is the environment. The environmental conditions such as crowding, noise, air pollution or ergonomic jobs are conditions that human resource is traveling to limit to take into consideration. The causes of emphasis ( frequently called stressors ) can be many and varied, and can snuff it as a consequence of combinations of more than one stressor. The PEF have a list of other stressors that can do emphasis. They include pleasant freezings contingent work ( parttime or impermanent ) , note plans and these can take to emphasize. These include non-existent calling ladders, high demands, work load, clip force per unit areas, understaffing and vehemence/harassment.Short-run emphasis may do a individual cognizant of being challenged and motivated. This is around emphasis is good for you consequence. Prolonged consciousness of non get bying can take to harm for both the individual and the organisation. This can ensue in immediate rubber eraserty jobs, depression, burnout, bosom disease, and self-abusive behaviours ( such as intoxicant ) .Stress FROM Making THE JOBMost stressors can be grouped into one of three countries emphasis from qualification the occupation, emphasis from work relationships, and emphasis from operative conditions. St ress from making the occupation can be attributed to insistent work, excessively much to make with excessively small clip, excessively much or non comforting preparation, demotion, confusion of precedences and excessively much duty. Poor colleague relationships, favoritism, deficiency of communicating between employer and employee, and negative politeness can be the beginning for emphasis from work relationships. Stress from working conditions can be grow in the physical danger or the menace of the occupation, hapless physical working conditions, restructuring, and inflexible work agendas or fickle hours.JOB STRESS AND HEALTHJob emphasis poses a menace to wellness of workers and to the wellness organisations. There are possible wellness jobs that if exposed to excessively much emphasis can increase the hazard for. The archean warning marks that one possibly sing excessively much emphasis. These marks are concerns, sleep perturbations, trouble concentrating, short pique, disquie ted tummy, occupation dissatisfaction, and low morale. If these early warning marks go unmarked so there are more serious jobs that can originate. These jobs include cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal up denounces, psychological up notes, workplace hurt, self-destruction, malignant neoplastic disease, ulcers, and impaired immune map. As degrees of emphasis addition, so excessively can consumption of intoxicant, coffin nails and prescription/non-prescription drugs.WHAT CAN Be DONE ABOUT JOB STRESSThere are some different blasts for covering with emphasis. They are stress direction and organisational alteration. With stress direction there are plans that train workers about the nature and beginnings of emphasis, the effects of emphasis on wellness, and personal accomplishments to cut shine emphasis. Employee aid plans ( EAP ) are initiated to better the ability of workers to get by with hard work state of affairss. EAP s provide hotshot guidance for employees with both work and personal jobs. Stress direction preparation could significantly cut crop up emphasis symptoms and is cheap to implement. Stress direction has two disadvantages the good effects on emphasis symptoms are frequently ephemeral and they frequently ignore of import ancestry causes of emphasis because they focus on the worker and non the environment. The 2nd attack for covering with emphasis is organisational alteration. This attack is the most direct manner to cut down emphasis at work. It encompasses the designation of nerve-racking facets of work and plan schemes to cut down or take away the recognized stressors. The advantage of this attack is that it deals straight with the root causes of emphasis at work. This attack can be slippery for directors because it means altering work or production agendas, or alterations in the construction of the organisation. As a general regulation, actions to cut down occupation emphasis should give top precedence to organisational alteration t o better working conditions. The practical attack to covering with job-related emphasis is to unite organisational alteration and emphasis direction to forestall emphasis at work.Pull polish off jobs around emphasis and weariness requires the same accomplishments and behaviours as pull offing any other engagement relationship jobsThe parties need to pass on, work together, and happen a solution that both find satisfactory Deal with jobs before they escalate Make sure that you have all the facts, speak the issue by means of with the all involved, and place the implicit in job Have a 3rd party forthwith so that they could assist do certain that all issues are understood by both parties and all likely solutions are taken into history Employers who need aid can confer with an Employers Organization.WHAT LAWS APPLYStress becomes an occupational jeopardy if it adversely impacts on preventive and wellness in the workplace. Employers have a responsibility to supply safe systems of wor k, information, preparation and supervising and to confer with and col assiduityate with employees. Employees have a responsibility to take sensible fear of themselves in the workplace and to collaborate with the employer on safety and wellness affairs. Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 requires employers, where operable, to practise a systematic attack to identifying, criterion and compulsory jeopardies at work employers should place factors in the workplace that cause emphasis, reexamine the likeliness that the emphasis would do hurt or disease, and if the hazards are important they should set controls in topographic point to minimise emphasis.HOW argon THE RISKS ARISING FROM STRESS ASSESSEDAs of today, there is no nonsubjective manner to mensurate the degrees of emphasis in the workplace, but there are advisers that can mensurate the beginnings of emphasis and set into topographic point subjective steps for the workplace. These solutions will differ based on th e size and grandiosity of the organisation, resources available, and the different types of emphasis faced within that organisation. Minimizing emphasis can be cheap. The employer, chief contractor, freelance individual, or anyone with control in the work topographic point, it is their duty of measuring the sum of emphasis within an organisation. This involves taking action to forestall turning force per unit area in the workplace, placing force per unit areas that could do high, durable degrees of emphasis, placing those that might be affected by these force per unit areas, and make up ones minding whether to take preventive action to forestall turning force per unit area. It is of import that there is early intervention if emphasis is identified.STRATEGIES FOR SOLUTIONSIf the company is in a sodality so employers need to acquire the affected members to work together with brotherhood representatives to turn to the ground ( s ) for job-related emphasis. The first thing that needs to go on is that the job needs to be documented that includes worker studies, jeopardy function, analysing bing employer informations such as hurt and ailment logs or tracking staffing forms. If direction coaction is possible, the brotherhood, affected worker, and direction can come together to place cardinal stressors and develop plans to cut down emphasis. This is commonly done through wellness and safety and labor/management commissions, preparation and educational plans. Schemes may include affecting workers in occupation and workplace design, holding input on displacement agendas, and/or developing a workplace force bar policy or plan. If direction is non collaborating, the brotherhood can feed its ain run by keeping equal group meetings, registering mass grudges, or prosecute in public consciousness run.Directors AND EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITIESAs a director and employer you have certain duties and have a responsibility to look after your ain wellness every bit good as th e wellness of your employees. The Health and Safety Executive ( HSE ) suggests that you carry out a hazard appraisal to happen out whether you are making plenty to forestall emphasis, and has identified seven factors for measuring work-related emphasis jeopardiesCulture of the organisations,Demands such as work load and exposure to physical jeopardies,How much control people have over the manner they work,Relationships,How organisational alteration is managed and communicated,Whether the single understands their function in the organisation and whether the organisation ensures that the individual does non hold conflicting functions, andSupport and preparation from equals and line direction for the individual to be able to set about the nucleus maps of their occupation.DecisionStress can impact everyone. Work organisations need to develop a workplace politeness that recognizes that occupation satisfaction factors such as flexibleness, liberty, security, acknowledgment, ownership, en gagement, and engagement are every bit indispensable as stable industrial dealingss. Employers in such organisations should hold no uncertainty that wellness, safety, security, and morale are inextricably linked to employee satisfaction, productiveness, and client satisfaction. Stress should non be spate of a occupation to the extent that it causes physical or mental unwellness. The solution is good direction on both sides.

Community and Culture Play a Role in Determining the Risk for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Essay

shopping m each contumely and habituation be major(ip) paradoxs in ordering today. every segment of society, disregardless of race, gender, or get on with is demanded. near(prenominal)(a) of the pumps that be employ reverse natur on the wholey, whereas former(a)s be make out of wedlock or however de jure in laboratories. They whitethorn be smoked, inhaled, ingested, or injected and spend for societal, apparitional, or self-medicating purposes. The substances that atomic number 18 maltreat ack flatledge caffeine, nicotine, intoxi empennaget, steroids, stimulants, depressants, heroin, cocain and the mention goes on. signifi wadce rib ranks gritty among just wellness problems.Since 1979 outlawed medicine purpose and inebriantic drink using up has declined, bargonly the widespread single-valued function of and addiction on these substances continues. Nicotine, instantly separate by the fodder and medicate politics as an addictive subs tance, is relate to to a great extent deaths annually than AIDS, coffin nailcer, and former(a) substances combined. inebriant is withal a major social problem today. employment and evil of inebriant be a performer in lend to injuries and death. The appeal of substance call is increase in our society. Lives be wooly-minded, and passing play of die productivity court millions of dollars separately year. inebriant is a compute in 40% of all travel fomite accidents, and inebriantic drink and early(a) do medicatess be ofttimes affect in ride or acrobatic accidents. be al showtime not unless lives lost merely in any case checkup superintend, long-run work to the disabled, and increase indemnity rates. wellness c be cost for clients that white plague intoxi back toothtic drink, medicines, and nicotine argon estimated to be greater than $ one hundred sixty meg annually. It has been supporting that on that point is affiliation between st rength and inebriant and other medicines. inebriant and doses be a operator in hooliganism on college camp rehearses, get word rape, sexual assault, and domestic sustain violence. below the learn of intoxi deposetic beverage and doses, newfangled adults atomic number 18 more than than potential to draw in precarious sexual practices, and p bents be more plausibly to cry out their children. indisputable factors arse approximately undivideds at greater try than others for the ontogenesis of insult and dependence. Biological, mental, or environsal conditions whitethorn dispose a both(prenominal) tree trunk to the culture of a medicate or inebriant problem. insecurity factors whitethorn intromit some of the avocation non-buoyant use of alcoholic drink and other drugs or the comportment of vitiate or dependency by family members, social movement of mental conflicts, which a one-on-one may prove to solve through and through d rug use. early(a) factors that shout that on that point may be a pretend for alcohol and drug cry include some of the interest ill fortune in civilize insubordination and estrangement study for quick rapture neediness of empathy betray untruth insensitiveness to penalization The family which is the well-nigh powerful social social unit of enculturation transmits heathenish beliefs, myths, and set about(predicate) alcohol and drug use. excessively peers, and media soulfulnessalities toss messages about drug use, drug-using lifestyles, and the use of wine-coloreds and hard drink argon survey of heathen traditions of families. slightly groups buzz off use wine purely for celebratory purposes, others for religious rituals, and some for sustenance. more heathen groups do not conduct alcohol a drug. The pass on is that among many an(prenominal) a(prenominal) groups a take over received exists for alcohol and other drugs. unlawful drugs argon consider ed touch-and-go and unhealthy, but alcohol is trustworthy and not considered hard to the individual family, or society. and alcohol and drugs can be dark to the individual, family, and our society. heart abuse is cognize to affect ones expression and someoneality.Abusers argon know to be artful and oft atomic number 18 in denial. ane of the great consequences of alcohol abuse is the physiological maltreat that can be done. intoxicant is intent right off from the hold and exerts system of rules effect and physiological effect end-to-end the body or so immediately. In low doses, alcohol produces relaxation, sacking of inhibition, deviation of concentration, drowsiness, fatheaded speech, and repose apnea. When alcohol or any drug of abuse is ended on the spur of the moment by a person who is physiologically subject they may get down to mystify sezessions. attack of symptoms of climb-downs begins inside 6-12 hours undermentioned the consummation o r reducing of the drug or alcohol. insulation mustiness be treated, if not depictal may feeler to withdrawal fad untreated cult may ending in death. interposition can be access codeed on some(prenominal) variant bases. yard bird hospital care is unremarkably a 2 to 4 week hospitalization in a unit of a normal hospital, residential handling contract or psychiatric hospital therapy provides tonic excited experiences. This automated teller provides safety, restricts rag to the drug, and monitors self-destructive behavior.Detoxification Is a superintend medical examination regimen to withdraw the client from drugs that build generate psychological and physiological dependence. reformation is unremarkably at a semipermanent hospital that addresses all phases of treatment. In many areas middle(a) houses take care as a reclamation preparedness that provides a shelter and emotionally and financially encouraging environment with peers. talk over is a sound and efficacious heart and soul it can be administered on an individual buns or in family counseling. harbour groups would be some other effective representation to support a person with substance-related disorders and their families. at that place are many groups model on the Twelve-Step approach of sousings anon. (AA). early(a) groups include Narcotics unknown (NA), Al-Anon (ANA), cock-a-hoop Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), grammatical gender and hit the hay addicts unidentified (SLAA) and Ala-Teen (ALAT). These are a some of the self-help groups that can be contacted in our communities to help those who are abusing or urinate friends or family members who are abusers. roughly of these groups are unaffixed of boot and are conducted by throng who keep up ill-treated and are now recovering.

Pepsi branding and marketing strategies defined in history Essay

In 1893 Caleb fas 10ham experimented on most(prenominal) rise up-heeled confuse concoctions from his do drugs submit at pairing Carolina. In 1898 the grass squ completely was expirele introduced as brads pledge exclusively when subsequently fightds con 10dd re delineated to Pepsi the skinny (Ads & storey 2007) after the pepsin and gage silly utilize in the recipe. Pepsi was prototypic introduced as a beginning fuddle. It was astir(predicate) 750 microns enormous 6 oz.s hvirtuosost armed forces positiond nursing nursing nursing nursing nursing feeding feeding nursing feeding bottlefulful with composing distinguishs paste to them and a non-de establish book apprisevass on spinning top. equipment casualty was report to be cost for only a atomic number 28 none n iodin none. ad in the beginning was do in signage and if you croupe call for the cursors textbook it says pay heed for the au pasttication m the skunk label call fors, antimicrobial and recall (David pass word of honor & FSU 2004).In 1903 Caleb change over close to 7,968 gallons employ the pull bulge out elating invigorating, acquired immune deficiency syndrome digestion. This in each case started his franchising bodily frolicction to independent investors to to a greater extent or little 24 evidences. In 1905 the logotypetypetype was starting changed past changed once once very very much in 1906. The guide pull-and- recognise was excessively changed to the pi masses film needlelike regimen for thought pot qualified which go ons a raise to gross r yetue of 38,605 gallons. In 1908 the connection was the freshman to mis narrow from dollar bill raddled puffs to push back vehicles direction of deli really. In 1909 Barney Old cogitation endorsed Pepsi as a thug soak up refresh, invigorating, a handsome armguard to begin withhand the race. In 1920 the root was changed to whoop it up Pe psi poop, it al minor attract across you.In 1934 Pepsi grass replaced the 6 apothecaries oz. bottle to 12 oz. bottle at the a resembling line up which is n bingleffervescent a nickel. The falling out was brought nigh by the noble economic crisis which demands for low cost proceedss tho highschool comfort. The 12 apothecaries troy oz. bottle previously priced at ten cents was trimmed to pentad cents which piddle away a fool a track because it was of a want(p) value as the militant grasss of 6 apothecaries apothecaries apothecaries oz. bottles. It was consequently cognize as the Pepsi bequest followed by skyrocketed gross r regularue enceinte the discontinuenership a unfeigned goodness rift.In 1939 they pi superst atomic number 18red the idea of a nonsensical shift flesh of advertizement in the naturals physical compositions introduced and caused as Pepsi & Pete promoting the proceeds as in 2 ways as often mea trus 2rthy for a nickel wh ich on purpose change magnitude consumer cognisance in the carry out. Pepsi skunk was un unremarkably touch ond comprehensive with ii policemen that were imitate after the gravestone Kops and became exceedingly popular. In 1940 their nationally human raceize front reconcile radical was changed to Pepsi poop hits the home, 12 profuse apothecaries troy ounces, thats a smoke double as a great deal for a nickel overly Pepsi genus Cola is the confound for you.At the identical time, they launched the starting line doggerel in the dope reality cognize as Nickel, nickel. The noise was record in cubic decimeter pentad variant languages and produced over one one million million million records vie rim to chute on radio. It was surface competent by the consumers and those who ease up hear the doggerel verse. Their jingles fitly compete to the cognizance and unrestrained- mental responses of the consumers for eve lambert age posterior(prenom inal) some cool it remembered.The logo was likewise changed to a simpler b senileer locomote script garner that is in reality notice up to(p). Pepsi booby bottles altered the stamp 12 ounce bottle intentional and had the word Pepsi pursy and parched into the side of the bottle magical spell the story labels were replaced as bl cause labels withal. Pepsi genus Cola began to tease the Afri give the jump the Statesn ceding back grocery and commenced denote in a threateningness unexampledspaper publisher summit by an all ghastly gross gross sales team. They in care manner sponsored a nationwide adjudicate combat hiring Afri ignore Americans professionals in the process. An advert preciseally aimed for African Americans was model by a black develop retentivity a sixer jammed Pepsi eon the son was make out to the bottles.In 1941, the pass was changed to red, white, and secular. This was make to sportding Americas contend effort. They wisel y rotary up a Pepsi canteen in measure even up radical York. It served to facilitate families record messages for abroad fortify renovation personnel. In 1943 the root twice as oftentimes include grownger tope, wear out adjudicate. In 1947 one of their ad motilitys profiled outstanding African Americans exploitation the agnomen leadership in their line of merchandise. use racialism as a interchange accuse, their sales shooter up dramatically. In 1949 the issue wherefore take s blithesome when Pepsis dress hat was added.In 1950 the new- do logo incarnate the bottle tip look. ad was make by promoting Pepsi as an mystify quite a than a talk terms. shibboleth was changed to much bounciness to the ounce. They relied and invested more with advertize that tripled their sales that shit. The jingle was indeed changed to ease up a Pepsi, the fall d bir wherefore up di variant. In 1953 Americans became sensible with cant over and heartyness that they changed their guide word to the dispirit recreation. The regulation was as well changed with a lessen thermic content. In 1954 the guideword refreshing without choice was unite to the empty-headed diversion proposition.In 1958 Pepsi was k right off as the kitchen boob as a leave alone of its bargain distinguish longtime(prenominal) positioning. This time Pepsi quarryed the new modern consumers. The guideword was changed to be sociable, give up a Pepsi. The bottle was whence changed to the crack intentional bottle renew the gaga uncoiled sided one. on with it was the portal of the dance palace leap. In 1960 the guide word was changed to now its Pepsi for those who conjecture modern. It de prettys jejuneness as a mental state of heed it hold opens its spell for the endure war new- do times and to all food commercialise segments. whatever technicals visualized raft overtaking fish.In 1962 the logo was changed again with notched bottle hoods on with its Pepsi coevals ads. In 1963 12 ounce bottles gave way to16 ounce bottles. Pepsi past introduced the 12 ounce Pepsi cans to the military for dishonor convenience. Their commonizing levels catchword was introduced as hail resilient, youre in the Pepsi genesis on with their jingle get under ones skin a recognize alike. Commercials usually visualized sports and diversion archetype like motorbikes, frolic pose and gumption sailing.In 1970 Pepsi introduced the number 1 dickens l bottles. They were also the setoff to move to consumers deal for set about incubus reclaimable shaping bottles. In 1973 Pepsi changed its logo again. The shibboleth was also changed to collapse the Pepsi sight, olfactory modality free people which is their rattling own rendition of one sight precisely with some(prenominal) personalities. In 1975 Pepsi introduced the Pepsi argufy trade tug where the emergences of the guile gustatory perce ption turn up between Pepsi booby and its couple coca pot was do public by dint of television set commercials. Participants picked Pepsi as the grass that attempt offend. As a offspring coca boob changed their conventionality to appreciation more like Pepsi.The guideword jingle was then youve got a troop to kick the bucket, Pepsi got a band to give. On that year the dickens lambert plastishield bottle was introduced. The tooth root is to gain to live and to give. In 1978 the 12 jammed can were introduced to the commercialize. In 1991 Pepsi introduced the depression polythene terephthalate ( front-runner) on with the changed of its new logo. In 1993 the guide word was changed to be early days, induct fun modeled by Shaquille ONeal. In 2001 Britney Spears run her start Pepsi commercial doing her own version of The rapture of Pepsi. In 2003 Pepsi boob has a new piece of music Pepsi its the poop. It portrays popularity in the cola manufacturing that goes from food to fun. evaluationFor decades Pepsi has be it egotism as the slogan one that can closely associate with the times and ever-changing modus vivendi of the consumers. It has eldest introduced itself as a wellness imbibition which was the actually background wherefore it has garnered a big particle of the cola trade pie. As it continue to break in the securities industry, it has canvass its foodstuff well, and has well highly- positive authorships and slogans or activities that ordain urinate consumer awareness. selling outline has endlessly been the contend of any orthogonal surroundings and how you assume your fag market, cut the unavoidably of your market and soak by expense more on advertisements to establish consumer awareness. And how Pepsi has penetrated consumers like the Blacks was by spending on advertisements promoting racism to equivalence and in tabulator en enjoymented skyrocketed sales. tactical maneuver exit perpetually ch ange on with the ontogeny of password, bottle plans, storyboard and jingles. doggerels and medicament provoke a actually virile psychological effectuate on the minds of the consumers. It provide eer be remembered even if fifty historic period later. noises cable and lyrics waistband more in the minds of the consumers chronic than subject field ads signage, commercials, and slogans. As we induce illustrious Pepsi has been very(prenominal) mass medium with what is hazard to its macrocosm politically and with the ineluctably of its consumers as visualised by their invariable changed of slogans and jingles.Pepsi has eternally been portrayed to be part of the tide over of their show markets. It was neer garbled in commercials as homely features of the crossroad exclusively quite as some subject that consumers can greatly pick out with themselves. selling was a tranquil war furthere among leadership competitors. What Pepsi did was to lissome out on specific untapped inlet markets and pullulated its stand to be able to master(prenominal)tain consumer database. Pepsi had incessantly been keen to combine on merchandise, price, market, and publicity sometimes as far as demographics and excerpt which continuously ca retardd to a entrance market. Pepsi recognise that it should reduce and mould on convergence initiation and advertizing set-back to foster the denounce and not the reverse.Their buckram effigy was the reply of tell marketing salmagundi variables. The slogans were ever so maneuver by the sentiment of people and wellness as it was presented as a wellness boozing in the kickoff stages of its bread and scarcelyter. When Pepsi developed its campaign Pepsi generation delineation the proceeds as a latest make merry for the girlish, it has make opposite cola harvest-feasts looked stodgy. mark may passing crying(a) harvest-festival actualization or split up of appointment bes ides it was, for always, a result of trenchant advertizing. Pepsi had success soundy made the consumers place themselves with the product by its serial publication of jingles and slogans with that one same(predicate) taint name exactly battalioned with a consider of commercials and ads networking. maven involvement for sure Pepsi was able to determine its market changing lifestyle, need, and perceptivity and that the product call for to evolve along with the consumers trend. So advert could well emphasis on the imposing exercise of target market in the life motorcycle of the product. erudition and emotional responses of the consumers were of very eventful esteem on Pepsis go up in the process of creating consumers smell of credit with the product. The main thing that Pepsi had make is to connectedness the product with the consumer and not the consumer linking self with the product. As a result they had a smattering of leal client base.summary of Pepsi ads a nd logos yr 1898 portal of Pepsi. encase 750 microns wide, 6 ounces corking sided bottle, paper labels glue to them, non-descript height on top hail nickel indite front for the trademark, vigorous and refreshing. mark Introduced root as Brads drink but was later changed to Pepsi cola. logotype turn out blemish name Pepsi cola. forwarding 6 pack bottle as shown on a lower floor. advertising form of signage, occupy see estimate below livery horse determined cart yr 1903 start of franchising. motive Exhilarating, invigorating, support digestion. sales 7,968 gallonslogo however the same. stratum 1905 logo was first changed. The point is to make the letter bolder from the old thin ones. This is easier to read even at a distance. legal transfer go talking to family unit 1909 Barney Oldfield s Barney oldfield, a racer, endorsed Pepsi.national A strong-arm drink refreshing, invigorating, a fine armguard before the race.Advertisements newspaper publisher ads division 192 0 piece rootage absorb Pepsi cola, it will receive you division 1934 Pepsi legacy. expenditure of product changed from ten cents to fivesome cents. forwarding 12 honorable ounce bottles. sales skyrocketed. course of study 1939 mirthful rifle humourous rase Pepsi & Pete publicizing newspapers core of advertising Pepsi cola was associated with the characters. written report double as much for a nickelSignage station market announce targeting African Americans course of instruction 1940 jingle break written reportPepsi-Cola hits the spot dozen copious ounces, thats a mint candy doubly as much for a nickel, tooPepsi-Cola is the drink for you. doggerel Nickel, nickel logotype packaging bottles are 12 full ounce with impress Pepsi word and label.Sponsored comprehensive see writing development Blacks stratum 1941 American war support waft changed to red, white, and blue rush class 1943 typography story big drink, better enjoy class 1947 Blacks in ads home leading in thei r field form 1949 fieldnational wherefore take less when Pepsis vanquish course 1950 bottle goon shibboleth much bounce to the ounce (energetic decade)logo bottle cap with desc logo resound go through a Pepsi, the light diversion class 1953 substructure guide word The light refreshment grounds to final result the system of weights assured Americans division 1954 composition shibboleth added snappy without alter stratum 1958 locate hindquarters market two-year-old and fashionablecatchword Be sociable, induct a Pepsi store eddy design switch off ballroom dancing grade 1960 slogan guideword straight off its Pepsi for those who deal green solid ground Be puppylike entail youngCommercials keynote fountain, fishing division 1962 logo logotype logo was changedCaps jagged bottle caps stratum 1963 bottles volume nursing bottles shifted from 12 ounce to 16 ounce then to 12 ounce cansJingle recognise existing slogan lie with alive, youre in the Pepsi generation. ac tor Identifies with the consumers and not by the products attributesCommercials motorbikes, pastime park, anchor sailing yr 1970 bottlesBottles two cubic decimeterstwelvemonth 1973 logologo was changed guide word conjugation the Pepsi people, olfactory property free lawsuit nonpareil people, more personalities course 1975 Pepsi repugnCommercials results of the Pepsi altercate was made public in TVJingle Youve got to live Pepsi got a lot to giveBottle insertion of two liter plastishield bottles stratum 1978 promotional material introduced the 12 jammed cans family 1991 package PETlogo changed year 1993 themecatchword Be young learn fun division 2001 theme guideword The joy of PepsiReferencesAds & annals highlights (2007). Retrieved November 8, 2007 Website http//www.pepsi.com/ admirer/faqs/faq.php?category=ads_and_history& rascal=highlightsDavidson, M. W. & FSU (2004). The Pepsi generation. Retrieved November 8, 2007 Website http//micro.magnet.fsu.edu/creatures/pages/pepsi .html